Environment

Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The forests and tree cover in India correspond to 25% of the total geographical area and are a major source of livelihood and subsistence needs for more than 300 million vulnerable and tribal people of India. India has a wide range of policies serving as instruments of action for managing its forest and land resources. The country is also a signatory to many of the global conventions addressing forests, biodiversity conservations, freshwater ecosystems, and many more. At the central level, there is a multitude of supportive institutions and there is an interplay of interactions between the policy instruments and the institutions at various levels. However, despite the existence of sound policies and institutions, the sector lacks in capacity and application of appropriate technology for achieving forestry, ecosystem, and carbon stock management outcomes. Against this backdrop, the proposed project proposes to assess the capacity and technology needs and draw a sector roadmap with an overarching objective to strengthen the capacity of forest sector institutions to apply an integrated landscape approach in forest management planning and implementation

List of Activities

• Gap Assessment of current practices of forest management against integrated landscape approach
• Development of a Capacity Strengthening Strategy and a Roadmap for Implementation
• Other Stakeholders and Expert Consultations
• Knowledge Exchange

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Formation of Expert panel with national and international sector expert
• Current status and Gap Assessment Reports – National and State levels (2 reports)

Output 2:

• White Paper on Capacity Strengthening Strategy and a Roadmap for Implementation
• Countries for Knowledge Exchange Visit

Output 3:

• Workshops and Presentation for Validation of the Findings and Recommendation
• Expert Panel Discussions with Korea Forest Services
• Final Report on Capacity Strengthening of India’s Forest Sector on Integrated Landscape Planning

Output 4:

• Knowledge Exchange Tours
• Report on Shared-learning

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• South Korea via Korean Forest Services - Korea’s experiences in the forest rehabilitation program can provide valuable lessons for India. For this, the India WB team will engage with Korean Forest Services, applying the existing Statement of Intent and explore the following topics of interest – Governance and Monitoring of Large Forest Restoration Programs, Commercial Forest Plantations, Nature-Based-Ecotourism, and Landscape Approaches
• Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) India – through their past and current engagements under the community of practice on Forest (sustainable) Landscapes, learn more about State level capacity gaps and possible convergence with other sectors for enhancement of capacity

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Grant Activities

Project summary

The overall development objective of the proposed APL program supports the Government's Integrated Basin Clean up while simultaneously improving sanitary conditions along the banks of La Plata River and providing a long-term and cost-effective solution for the safe disposal of wastewater from the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. The project provides a total of over $1.2 billion to finance the government's efforts to clean up the most polluted river in the country and develops an improved sanitation system for domestic wastewater management and an industrial wastewater treatment facility. This is to support the basin agency ACUMAR and the city and province of Buenos Aires to better manage other environmental issues of the basin, including sustainable land use and environmental planning.

The grant aims to finance the government's effort to clean up the most polluted river in the country, the Matanza Riachuelo river. Along with the development of an improved sanitation system for domestic wastewater management and an industrial wastewater treatment facility, the grant will support the basin agency ACUMAR and the city and province of Buenos Aires manage environmental issues while working to identify appropriate sustainable land use and environmental planning solutions.   

List of Activities

• Baseline assessments
• Development of GIIRSU Strategy and Investment Plan
• Capacity Building and Knowledge Management

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Waste management baseline assessment report
• Key waste value chains assessment report

Output 2:

• PBA GIIRSU Report
• Three stakeholder consultations events
• An investment plan for a PBA GIIRSU facility

Output 3:

• Three technical training events on GIIRSU
• Two study visits to Korea on GIIRSU and CE development
• Two dissemination events of study reports within the country

Outcomes:

The findings of this grant will help advise the design of waste management and circular economy-related investments in the MRB and in the province of Buenos Aires. In addition, such findings will support the PBA to plan its future waste management and circular economy investments within and beyond the Matanza 2.0 operation.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute (KEITI)
• Seoul Institute
• PROBLUE TF

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

India has a coastline of 7516.6km touching nine states. The country is densely populated and comprised of some of the world’s fastest-growing regions. As it is essential to preserve the coastline in its finest state, this project has been proposed to support the capacity of line ministries and related State-Level departments for the implementation of NCM, BE, and related initiatives at the state level. The activities in the project aim to enhance and mainstream this knowledge and implementation capacity of the relevant institutions and stakeholders on the principles of resilient and green growth, for sustainably tapping the country’s Blue Economy. Through the creation of an enabling environment and progressive knowledge exchanges with the Korean Counterparts with a special emphasis on marine spatial planning, coastal erosion, and marine litter-related issues, the proposal intends to inform future lending operations in select states within the theme of coastal zone management.

This grant aims to improve national and state-level institutional capacity for resource-efficient and resilient growth through building knowledge, facilitating engagement, and fostering innovation in the management of landscapes, coastal resources, and airsheds. 

List of Activities

• Establish a platform for collective learning, drawing knowledge from international experiences, particularly Korean knowledge and technology.
• Arrest coastal erosion, establish a system for marine litter management, and develop and adopt holistic Marine Spatial Plans while keeping coastal community livelihoods at the forefront and serving as a lighthouse not only for the entire country, but also at a global level

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• One international conference on Mangroves Management
• At least two workshops to support the implementation of the Blue Economy Framework.
• A Conference proceeding will be prepared. The Activity is marked in the Ops Portal as a “Deliverable" with "DR Not Required”.

Output 2:

• Guidance Note to inform future investments on arresting coastal erosion through NBS
• Toolkits for applying Marine Litter Management approaches and interventions.
• Roadmap Framework for developing and systematically integrating Marine Spatial Planning (MSP)

Outcomes:

Implementation of the first activity will result in: (i) Raising interest and building a knowledge base; (ii) Uplifting the agenda/vision of the Blue Economy Policy in diverse stakeholders; (iii) Promoting no-regret green investments by the private sector to boost the coastal economy; (iv) Promoting integration and coordination of various sectoral initiatives; and (v) Laying the foundation for long-term perspective and collaborative partnerships in the sector. The second activity is leveraged to better manage coastal ecosystems to become resilient, coupled with social-ecological systems assuming greater significance, particularly for enhancing blue natural capital, ensuring ocean health and coastal zone resilience, sustainably tapping the Blue Economy, and increasing the flow of ecosystem services.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Maritime Institute (KMI)
• Korean Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries (KMOF)
• Korea Marine Environment Management Corp (KOEM)
• National Center for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM)
• National Center for Coastal Research (NCCR)

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The grant aims to support the greening of Haiti’s industrial sector and generating green jobs by improving the country’s competitiveness in the garment value chain through economic circularity and eco-industrial parks (resource efficiency, renewables, and waste management). As such, this activity will contribute to the World Bank Group (WBG) COVID-19 response, which supports the Government of Haiti (GoH)’s post COVID-19 recovery program (PREPOC) that seeks to support job creation and economic diversification. Indeed, the pandemic has adversely impacted the Haitian economy given the supply chain disruptions and the global economic downturn. The grant will support the pillar of the WBG’s response that focuses on saving livelihoods, preserving jobs, and ensuring more sustainable business growth and job creation, while at the same time providing opportunities for a greener and more resilient recovery. As Haiti continues to undertake industrial development efforts, the WBG approach to recovery focuses also on supporting Green, Resilient and Inclusive Development (GRID). Accordingly, the grant will help promote environmental sustainability by demonstrating the technical and commercial feasibility of greener manufacturing practices and technologies in Haiti. Improved sustainability of industrial parks’ operating model in Haiti can, in turn, contribute to investment retention and attraction that would offer inclusive and formal job opportunities to low-skilled workers. The grant is linked to US$105 million Private Sector Jobs and Economic Transformation (PSJET) project, leveraging the PSJET activities by informing how to mobilize potential financing of green solutions through matching grants from the collective window and by building consensus around the potential implementation of quick win regulatory reforms and public-private dialogue as well as donor coordination.

List of Activities

• Activity 1: Value chain study and identification of solutions to green industrial parks. 
• Activity 2: Selected business cases for greening industrial parks.
• Activity 3: Study for the implementation of green solutions at the selected industrial park. 
• Activity 4: Advice for the piloting of green solutions at a selected park.

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• A report with conclusions and recommendations on how to improve the environmental sustainability of industrial parks
• A workshop for the dissemination of findings and consensus building with stakeholders

Output 2

• An assessment report with recommendations on feasible and commercially attractive solutions
• A workshop for the dissemination of findings and consensus building with stakeholders
• Training to the Center for Facilitation of Investments and industrial park managers on the conclusion of the assessment

Output 3

• The study completed in the selected parks for the specific solutions
• Communication of the results, possibly through a garment buyer roadshow by the Center for Investment Facilitation

Output 4

• Advisory support provided to implement the piloting of a green solution
• A booklet on lessons learned and recommendations to roll out of green solutions in fragile countries

Outcomes

• Reduction of CO2 and other toxic gases through savings in energy and material use
• Increased efficiency in natural resource consumption and use will reduce the environmental footprint of existing economic activities and boost competitiveness
• Long-term economic sustainability of parks, textile and garment firms and associated jobs, through investment retention and attraction thanks to the management of reputational risk
• Technology and knowledge transfer through foreign technology use, training and direct investment that will build the Haitian’s private and public sector capacities
• Creation of new business opportunities from byproducts and waste recycling that generate additional incomes for participating companies and contributes to job creation
• Demonstration effects locally, with spillovers expected from the pilot.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

(Tentative) 

• Korea Environment Corporation
• Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute
• Korea Institute of Industrial Technology
• Korea Energy Agency
• Industrial Ecology Depart of Yale University
• USAID
• IDB

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

This project aims to provide the analytical underpinnings for the development of a Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) system, and identification of innovative financing mechanisms for the Blue Economy to prepare the proposed project. The project also aims to ensure the implications of COVID-19 impacts on coastal and marine resource users and to contributors of Blue Economy by structuring necessary actions and mechanisms to address the current and future impacts to the process. The main expected result of this project is the increased capacity in the government for the development of policies that favor sustainability, and increased intra and inter-governmental coordination for seascape management.

List of Activities

• Development of Marine Spatial Planning System: support to develop a Moroccan policy, institutional and stakeholder platform for MSP, MSP roadmap and pilot MSP plan in Morocco
• Development of Sustainable Financing Mechanisms for the Blue Economy: Investment climate analysis and framework for Blue Economy financing; Development of prototypes for blue Economy financing

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1

• Policy, institutional and stakeholder platform consultations and Knowledge exchange
• MSP Roadmap and MSP for one region

Output 2

• Inventory of existing investment and policies supportive of bank executed activities financing and Investment climate framework for bank executed activities
• Potential financing instruments for three prototypes of investments/projects for a selected sector

Outcomes

The project will apply Green/blue growth principles to MSP strategy and sustainable financing framework for achieving blue economy targets of Morocco. The project will integrate green/blue growth principles including promotion of environmentally sustaining new growth opportunities, identifying actions to enhance quality of life of people. The project will increase awareness on benefits of the application of green/blue growth principles for management and use of coastal and marine resources. New partnerships will be created for knowledge exchange on MSP, particularly with the Government of South Korea to learn on the policy initiatives and application of MSP.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korean Maritime Institute (KMI): To learn on the development of MSP and Management Act (2018), designing the MSP system, governance systems for multi-stakeholder engagement for planning and decision-making on MSP implementation.
• Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF): To learn on the development of MSP and Management Act (2018) and related strategies and plans and operationalization of the plans.
• Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO: Coordination with the IOC MSP
• Direction InterRégionale de la Mer (DIRM): TO learn from the current experience of the French MSP under preparation through the Interregional Directorates for the Sea (DIRM).

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Project summary

Kyrgyzstan suffers from the increasing deterioration of air pollution, with particular severity in Bishkek, where the global Air Quality Index (AQI) periodically hit the highest records in the winter of 2019-2020 and WHO Ambient Air Quality Guidelines for major pollutants are exceeded year-round. Health impacts from such degree of air pollution has become even more critical under COVID-19 pandemic and the number of deaths from COVID-19 related pneumonia has brought Kyrgyzstan to the top per 100,000 population in the world. Due to such pollution-related diseases, the estimated cost for the lost productivity in Kyrgyzstan stood at 24-31 million in 2015, undermining its labor force and labor productivity. Recognizing the impact of air pollution on its citizens’ health and economic growth, the government has developed a draft Action Plan for 2020-2023 for Bishkek and the adjacent two districts to address the major sources of elevated ambient pollution levels. Though it aims to tackle the root causes of coal-based household heating, transport, and waste incineration at dumpsites, there are still gaps in investment analysis and planning. Against this backdrop, this grant project aims to bridge these gaps and support the government by preparing the Air Quality Improvement Master Plan, which will include an investment plan to tackle those identified sources of air pollution and GHG emissions (solid waste management, development of urban green zones, energy/heating). 

List of Activities

• Developing an Air Quality Improvement Master Plan for Bishkek, including a comprehensive investment plan based on prioritizing, technological innovations and best practices, including experience of Korea 

• Preparing pre-feasibility studies in selected sectors (e.g. solid waste management and energy efficiency) based on the prioritization of the proposed investments in the Master Plan  

• Exchanging knowledge and raising awareness of air pollution through the establishment of a dialogue platform and national Task Force on air quality 

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Analysis of the current situation of air pollution with focus on two major sources in energy and dumpsites;
• Year-around air quality measurement data;
• Air Quality Improvement Master Plan for Bishkek

Output 2:

• Pre-feasibility Report for the energy and dumpsite rehabilitation for investments

Output 3:

• National dialogue platform and task force on air quality established;
• Exposure to Korean experience in green growth, focusing on waste management and energy efficiency.

Outcomes:  

The development of the Master Plan and pre-feasibility studies will improve efficiency and competitiveness by identifying the priority investment areas for cost-efficient interventions and entry points, as well as by assessing public-private partnerships in investment planning and promoting the participation of the private sector in green growth. Based on best examples and practices from Korea, the facilitation for a transition towards cleaner and more efficient technologies will help Kyrgyzstan to avoid further economic, health and productivity losses in the longer term. Furthermore, the proposed activities are expected to contribute to the reduction of air pollution and morality in the urban area, while the increased awareness of air pollution will lead to meaningful behavioral change.  

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Ministry of Environment (MoE)
• Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI). KEITI’s specialties in technologies of clean energy and solid waste management are expected to add significant values in developing the masterplan and feasibility study.
• Korea Environment Corporation KECO)
• Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG). SMG’s experience with regional development to address pollution issues in the Nanjido Eco-Industrial Park will be shared with clients in the knowledge exchange between the governments of Seoul and Bishkek to tackle problems of similar nature.

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

As an archipelago nation with over 17,000 islands, Indonesia relies heavily on sea transport to foster domestic social and economic development and international trade. However, while developing this network, limited attention has been paid to the environmental protection, the disaster and climate change mitigation and resilience, the adoption of energy-efficiency technologies, the implementation of adequate general waste disposal facilities, and the sector decarbonization. Consequently, the Indonesian port system and the vessels being served by it have been identified as a major energy consumer, waste generator, and greenhouse (GHG) emissions contributor. Eastern Indonesia has a particularly high dependency on port infrastructure because of its geography of population on many islands and the remote locations of those islands. In particular, COVID-19 has posed a threat to the continuity of critical sea transport supply chains and maintaining availability and stable prices for basic consumer goods across the archipelago. Against this backdrop, the objective of this project is to promote inclusive green growth in the maritime sector in Indonesia, which can facilitate economic growth, job creation, and post-pandemic recovery. It will identify opportunities and provide practical recommendations for greening the maritime sector (including port infrastructure, related industrial and logistics facilities, vessels, and fishery practices), while enhancing connectivity, and pandemic preparedness and readiness.  

List of Activities

• Greening the maritime transport sector in Indonesia to promote an environmentally- and climate-sound development, with practical recommendations for implementation in Eastern Indonesia 

• Greening the fisheries sector, with practical recommendations for implementation in Indonesia 

• Strengthening maritime connectivity of underserved islands to address logistic constraints and encourage an inclusive sustainable economic growth in Eastern Indonesia 

• Conducting knowledge exchange actions, including webinars, workshops, other trainings and/or study tours to learn and disseminate international best practices, including from Korea

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Green growth consideration in roadmap/strategy preparation to transition to low-/zero-carbon maritime transport in Indonesia 
• Green growth action taken for port infrastructure and related logistics and industrial facilities development in Eastern Indonesia
• Green growth action taken for vessels procurement in Eastern Indonesia 

Output 2:

• Green growth action taken for fishery port infrastructure and related facilities enhancement 

Output 3:

• Inclusive green growth consideration in optimizing the shipping industry in Eastern Indonesia, including the provinces of Maluku and NTT
• Green growth action taken to promote inclusive economic development and job creation
• Green growth consideration in strengthening pandemic preparedness and readiness of shipping services and port operations in Eastern Indonesia 

Output 4:

• Use of knowledge/strengthen capacity with a focus on international best practices, including the Korean ones, across Indonesia, with a focus on greening maritime sector; integrated ports development/ management; and addressing disruption to port operations and fisheries value chains in a pandemic situation 

Outcomes:  

The outcomes of this project will contribute to “build right” new maritime infrastructure and “manage better” existing maritime infrastructure and scarce natural resources by considering green growth principles, while spurring inclusive and environmentally sustainable growth. It will also feed into the policy dialogue at the national level to promote sustainable, environmentally sound and resilient development and decarbonization of the maritime sector. Furthermore, it will inform preparation of the two proposed World Bank-funded projects – Eastern Indonesia Port-Led Development project (EIPDP) and Oceans for Prosperity Program – to consider the inclusion of disaster and climate change mitigation and resilience and green growth principles into their design.  

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korean Maritime Institute (KMI)
• Korea Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (Cooperative & Supporting Center for Overseas Port Development). The contribution of both institutions will revolve around conducting knowledge exchange actions to disseminate green growth Korean best practices and technical expertise with a focus on the maritime sector. This partnership will facilitate the identification of enhanced technologies and solutions to apply innovative approaches on the maritime sector at project/program level. 

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Project summary

The project aims to strengthen urban resilience in the Municipality of Asuncion, and specifically in the flood prone coastal strip known as Los Bañados, through: (i) the development of a decision support system (DSS) for flood risk management to classify and prioritize green urban interventions in the coastal area; (ii) the development of pre-feasibility studies for a US$ 60-70 million investment project in Los Bañados that will be materialized through WB financing; and (iii) the scoping of entry points for private sector participation in Distrito Ecobahia, an area adjacent to the aforementioned project which has been deemed for a mixed-housing development.  The project will build on a US$ 400,000 ASA that helped the Government of Paraguay to identify a conceptual project in the city’s coastal area. Through the development of this proposal, the government intends to go deeper developing necessary studies to turn the concept into a lending operation with a first batch of targeted interventions, and to ensure that such interventions (and overall local planning instruments for the longer-term development of Los Bañados) fully embed green growth and low carbon development principles.

List of Activities

1. Decision Support System (DSS)
   1. Development of a DSS for flood risk management to prioritize green urban investments
2. Pre-feasibility studies for strategic projects in Los Bañados 
   1. Pre-feasibility studies for catalytic interventions in public spaces for flooding risk management
   2. Pre-feasibility studies for the construction of key green and grey infrastructure 
3. Unlocking the potential of Eco Bahia District
   1. Scoping of LVC opportunities in Eco Bahia District
   2. Climate smart designs for social housing and urban equipment in Eco Bahia District
4. Capacity Building 
   1. Promoting green growth and participatory approaches in local planning instruments

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Decision Support System platform - DSS developed and delivered to the government 

Output 2.1:

• Pre-feasibility study for public spaces

Output 2.2:

• Pre-feasibility studies for Parque Caballero, San Miguel and Eco Bahia

Output 3.1:

• Real estate market assessment for Eco Bahia 

Output 3.2:

• Climate smart designs for social housing and urban equipment in Eco Bahia District completed

Output 4:

• Workshops, trainings, and activities 

Outcomes:

1. Improved efficiency: Through drone technology and machine learning, the project will create a DDS that will shift the way decisions are taken when planning and designing interventions along the coastal area. Institutions involved in the sustainable development of Los Bañados will have embedded key social, environmental, and economic criteria aligned with GG principles in their local planning instruments. 
2. Greater resilience: An investment project aiming to increase the resilience of Asuncion will be prepared. This project will include a strong resilient housing and slum upgrading component, aiming to improve the conditions of the urban poor living in Los Bañados; nature-based solutions and green infrastructure, which will aim to address coastal flooding recurrent in the area; and greater access to basic services, to mitigate the exposure of targeted communities to natural disasters and health-related risks. 
3. Increased competitiveness: The project is framed within the Government’s post Covid-19 economic recovery plan. By the end of the proposed project, the government will have clear estimates of direct and indirect job generation through investments in infrastructure in Los Bañados, anchored in WB financing and potentially private sector participation.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA)
• Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)

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Project summary

Forest ecosystems in Uzbekistan, covering 8.6% of the country’s land area (3.68 million ha), play a leading role in sustaining the well-being of rural communities. The forests also provide critical habitats for biodiversity and other essential environmental benefits such as soil protection, water regulation, and carbon sequestration. However, unfavorable natural conditions and increasing human pressures have led to vast forest degradation and loss of vegetation cover, at a scale that is unable to be accurately determined due to insufficient data. Against this backdrop, the project aims to inform the preparation and implementation of the IDA-financed Uzbekistan Resilient Landscape Restoration Project in the poor and degraded regions of Karakalpakstan, Sirdaryo, Ferghana, and Surkhondaryo. It intends to introduce a technology component in forest restoration that is currently missing in the design, in which the disruptive forest ICT will inform strategy setting and planning in the sector for the benefit of rural communities and the country’s green economy. This project is well in line with the Government of Uzbekistan’s commitment to forest and landscape restoration, as well as to the use of data-based sector management and innovative technologies to support restoration programs.   

List of Activities

• Building a solid information basis of the status of forests and woodlands in the country to inform a national strategic plan for forest development  

• Restoring forest landscape through restoration/afforestation and multiple-use forest management 

• Enabling economic management of forest landscapes through diversified activities, including ecotourism 

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1

• A design of a National Forest Inventory for Uzbekistan
• Indicator: A design of a state-of-the-art National Forest Inventory, recommending features, software, implementation structures, and costs, developed, addressing stakeholders’ comments

Output 2

• A Forest Ecotourism Development Plan
• Indicator: A National Forest Ecotourism Development Plan with focus on ICT developed, addressing stakeholders’ comments, and offering specific solutions for the four targeted regions

Output 3

• An analysis of disruptive technologies for agroforestry plantations
• Indicator: An analysis of disruptive agroforestry plantation technologies for forest restoration available

Outcomes    

In the three priority areas of i) Technologies for Forest Management, ii) Technologies for Forest Ecotourism, and iii) Technologies for Restoration through Agroforestry, this project resulted in improved efficiency, greater resilience, and increased competitiveness. More specifically, the grant activities provided an opportunity for the Government of Uzbekistan to design its National Forest Inventory with recommendations in features, software, and implementation structures; to develop a National Forest Ecotourism Development Plan with focus on ICT; and to analyze disruptive technologies for agroforestry plantations and forest restoration. With improved restoration and sustainable management, Uzbekistan will be able to increase its rural communities’ resilience and reduce vulnerability of social systems and ecosystems against the impacts of climate change.  

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Forest Service (KFS), who provided ample advice on the design of a National Forest Inventory and data collection, processing, and dissemination technologies; on agroforestry technologies for restoration as input to the agroforestry plantation technology analysis; and on recreational forest technologies as input to the Forest Ecotourism Development Plan.
• Central Asia+ RESILAND Program's projects with co-financing of US$ 13 million from PROGREEN TF, including US$5 million to develop a regional Central Asia platform. This regional platform will facilitate cooperation and knowledge cataloguing/exchange between Central Asia countries for the effectiveness of the green growth agenda in the region, while also disseminating findings and recommendations of the KGGTF-funded reports with regional stakeholders to replicate and scale-up the knowledge in additional countries. 

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Project summary

Across Southeast Asia, due to its shared river systems and coastlines, marine plastics is a regional and transboundary challenge that results from excessive plastic consumption, insufficient solid waste management (SWM), and lack of recycling options. Recently, Southeast Asia ranked the third in regional generation of mismanaged plastic waste with 11.7 MMt per year, whose environmental and economic damages on riverine and coastal communities and ecosystems are significant and increasing.  Blockage of drainage canals increases the flood intensity, negatively affects urban areas, and threatens tourism destinations with reduced tourist numbers and/or high daily clean-up costs.  To address this issue, the World Bank has initiated a Regional IDA program for Southeast Asia Marine Plastics to help support specific innovative plastics investments along rivers, from equipment and facilities for plastics value chains and at coastal locations. Against such backdrop, the purposes of this KGGTF grant project are: (i) to help inform Mekong countries on technology, investment, and policy options for combatting riverine and coastal are plastics pollution, (ii) to leverage Korean partnerships and technical expertise to support the dialogue on plastics management with Mekong countries, and (iii) support knowledge management using other existing regional platforms.  

List of Activities

• Identifying and analyzing cost-effective investments and innovative technologies related to plastic waste and community plastics recycling in key cities along Mekong (such as Vientiane, Phnom Penh, Can Tho) and coastal areas  

• Informing national-level policies through policy analysis on enhancing recycling efficiency and recommendations on detailed plastics waste management targets, norms and minimum standards, including clear cost recovery targets for plastics pollution reduction in rivers and coastlines 

• Facilitating knowledge management and exchange with Korea on management and monitoring of plastic waste along rivers and coastlines 

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Preparation of country-level investment options notes for riverine plastics solutions, with information relating to relevant technologies, recycling choices, potential locations, and first level costing

Output 2:

• Country-level policy notes on plastics management options along the riverine and coastal locations in each country

Output 3:

• Series regional training (webinars) for knowledge sharing of Korean and global best practice relating to riverine and coastal marine plastics pollution

Outcomes:  

Implementation of the KGGTF activities will result in: (i) increased knowledge for policymakers to identify and prioritize investments and policies for plastic waste management along transboundary riverine and coastal environments in Mekong countries; (ii) increased knowledge exchange, coordination, and collaboration between Mekong countries, and through ASEAN and partnerships with Korea on plastic waste management; and (iii) greater opportunities for innovations and markets for private sector investments. Importantly, this support will provide a basis for the World Bank to engage in discussions with governments on measures to reduce marine plastics, thereby providing the foundation for municipal and national governments to take informed action and investments on plastic waste collection and further feeding into the preparation of potential World-Bank- financed projects in the region. 

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Maritime Institute (KMI), Korea Marine Environment Management Corp (KOEM)
• Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST)
• National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS). It will build discussion platforms through ASEAN-Korea collaboration to transfer the knowledge, policy, and best practices relating to marine plastics reduction/recycling, coastal monitoring, and cleanup
• UN Environment Program (UNEP)
• International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
• World Water Forum (WWF)
• Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)
• JICA
• GIZ
• UNESCAP
• EU 

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Project summary

The objective of this grant is to generate and disseminate knowledge that informs the development and implementation of green growth transition policies, and to help with building natural and human capital resulting from better management of pollution. The annual cost of certain types of pollution in Lao PDR was estimated by the World Bank at 14.6% of GDP in 2017, up from 12.8% in 2015.  Environmental health risk factors resulted in approximately 11,000 deaths in Lao PDR in 2017, which is equivalent to 22.7% of all deaths.  Facing those problems, Lao PDR has been shifting its development trajectory to a green growth path. In February 2019 the Government of Lao (GOL) undertook consecutive, relevant efforts and approved a National Green Growth Strategy 2030 that prioritizes policy and investment action on renewable natural resources, pollution and waste management, environmental fiscal instruments, and nature-based tourism that can drive the circular economy.  However, gaps remain in the analytical underpinnings and advisory services provided to the GOL to implement this ambitious reform agenda. This KGGTF funded activity will support the World Bank’s continuing efforts on policy dialog and technical support to help Lao PDR sustain the good reform momentum. Priority areas are centered on supporting Lao PDR to operationalize its stated green growth policy and investment priorities to drive the circular economy.  Examples include technologies, tools, practices, policies, and assessments related to air, water and chemical pollution, environmental fiscal instruments, solid waste and recycling technologies and policies, as well as resilient infrastructure technologies.  

List of Activities

1. Assessment of waste management priorities and investment opportunities and requirements
2. Support development of GOL’s National Air Quality Management Roadmap
3. Policy development support: environmental fiscal instruments
4. Assessment of innovative information and communication (ICT) and other technologies for air, water and chemical pollution monitoring and policy enforcement
5. Microeconomic assessment to change waste and land burning behavior
6. Green tourism development for the circular economy
7. Strategic communication and dissemination
8. Support to the National Green Growth (GG) Policy Platform
9. Client training and capacity development

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Pre-feasibility study of KM32 landfill in Vientiane, Vang Vieng and Luang Prabang (KEITI implements and co-financing)
• Pre-feasibility study of additional sites (as funding allows)
• National diagnostic to prioritize investment and policy interventions

Output 2:

• Action Plan including costed actions, supported by relevant analytics and advisory services.

(Note: parallel LENS2 IPF resources at MONRE can be used by client to purchase some equipment)

Output 3:

• Regulatory procedures for operationalizing (i) wastewater discharge fees, fines and service charges, (ii) environmental tax, and (iii) other fiscal instruments requested by the GoL (i.e., incentive for vehicle/motor fleet replacement with electrics).
• Assessment of distributional effects of environmental fiscal instruments and mitigation strategies.

Output 4:

• Assessment of locally relevant ICT options and other potential technology solutions (i.e. permeable roads made from recycled plastic waste -- one new example of a Korean technology that may find interest in Lao PDR) that can enhance institutional capacity to regulate pollution and build resilience.
• Assessment of other technology options relevant for the objectives of the National GG Strategy of Lao PDR
• Explore opportunities for private sector participation to provide technology innovations 
• This work will leverage green growth experience residing in the Republic of Korea, with whom a partnership with the Bank has been established, and more recently a specific MOU between the ENR GP and the Korea Institute for Environmental Industry and Technology Institute (KEITI).

Output 5:

• Microeconomic analysis to identify options to change damaging behavior that has contributed to massive air pollution problems nationwide
• Recommended actions identified to support behavior change 
• Development of a dedicated activity on communication, outreach, and behavior change for insertion into investment operations and policy development

Output 6:

• Assessment of options for concession management reform in Lao’s new national parks, national protected areas, and landscapes to drive investment, job creation and economic multiplier effects.
• Nature-based tourism is a high priority in the new Lao National GG Strategy
• Assessment of priority pollution watch sites (PPWS) overlaid against priority tourism sites, to reduce the negative impact of tourism (such as the Song River / Vang Vieng), and to maintain attractions and assets for tourism and local use.

Output 7:

• Communication products and outreach to apply the knowledge generated from this KGGTF support, prior KGGTF support, and related partner and WB project support to achieve the objectives of the country’s National GG Strategy and WB investment operations.
• Diverse products developed for diverse audiences in diverse languages: short films, brochures, radio programs, social media campaigns, etc.

Output 8:

• TA for policy development and/or implementation under GGDPO series: pesticides, lead; Environmental and Social Impact Assessment; Strategic Environmental Assessment; protected areas and nature tourism, timber legality and certification; water resources regulations; climate resilient infrastructure, and natural solutions to climate risks such as flooding.
• National GG Strategy implementation support: monitoring, evaluations, financing, green budget tagging 
• Advisory services to Lao PDR’s the National GG Promotion Center

Output 9:

• Trainings and exposure visits for the client on the topics above in this proposal that are part of the National GG Strategy and policy program. Specific topics would include among others: integrated landscape management, Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, Strategic Environmental Assessment, environmental fiscal instruments, innovative environmental technologies, restoration experience, etc. 

Outcomes:

1. Improved efficiency:   

• A combination of policies, technologies and investments are needed to reduce pollution, GHG emissions, and waste  
• Recycling technologies, investments, and enabling policies can boost efficiency and human health while generating jobs and economic growth from private sector participation 
• Environmental fiscal instruments can generate needed government revenue while incentivizing environmental policy compliance (example: wastewater discharge fees, environmental tax) 
• Micro-economic analysis to change waste and land burning behavior  

2. Greater resilience:   

• A focus is on developing GGDPO3 and support for the country’s green growth policy platform. This includes supporting implementation of Strategic Environmental Assessment on key themes and sectors. One is the National GG Strategy, and doing so will help balance competing objectives regarding the (i) use of water resources for power, tourism, and irrigation, and (ii) the use of forests for timber, biodiversity conservation, tourism, infrastructure protection, and flood risk reduction. 
• Support implementation of new policies and standards on water and air pollution and resilient roads 

3. Increased competitiveness:  

• Lao PDR’s National GG Strategy shares the Korean vision of GG. 
• Job creation and economic growth through nature-based and clean tourism activities, and waste management  
• Build human capital by reducing pollution, which is critical for the long-term prospects of Lao PDR’s economy 
• Green lifestyle and consumption increasingly gain public interest and help drive the circular economy

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Environmental Industry and technology Institute (KEITI)
• European Commission, European Union

Related Links and Documents

Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The objective of this grant is to facilitate actions on the circular economy to achieve green growth in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. The proposed activity will support the development of Circular Economy Action Plans and green finance concepts in selected sectors in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan in relation to regulatory reforms and institutionalization, stakeholder involvement, and frameworks for monitoring progress. This activity will also support necessary analytical work on the circular economy, providing practical guidance tools for World Bank staff and partner countries, introducing circular economy principles in policy and investment, as well as supporting policy dialogue and knowledge transfer. Moving from a linear to a circular economy is an irreversible, global mega trend towards green growth (GG), and is closely tied with key priorities in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, including jobs, green finance, climate and energy, the social agenda and industrial innovation, as well as global efforts aimed at sustainable development. The circular economy will also boost both countries’ competitiveness by protecting businesses against the scarcity of resources and volatile prices, helping to create new opportunities and innovative, more efficient ways of producing and consuming goods. It will create local jobs at all skills levels and introduce opportunities for social integration and cohesion. This KGGTF funded activity, with technical support from Korean institutions and other co-financing, will also advance the transfer of knowledge to other selected countries at the global level.

List of Activities

1. Knowledge Exchange to promote circular economy for green growth
2. Development of sectoral circular economy action plan and technical analysis for applying circular economy principles
3. Development of green finance instruments for delivering circular and green projects in UZ and KZ for green growth - Review of potential finance instruments and/or design of the green finance instruments (green bonds or greed funds)
4. Building the evidence-based and implementation tools for resource circularity to develop the still limited evidence basis on the scope to leverage the CE for green growth in low- and middle-income countries

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Organizing international visits, stakeholder workshops/conferences and training to increase technical and operational knowledge on waste/pollution/contaminated land prevention and management in circular economy
• Organizing experience sharing and collaboration stimulation activities among UZ, KZ and other select countries
• Preparing sector Circular Economy Action Plans

Output 2:

• Identifying disruptive technologies for waste prevention and industrial symbiosis in select sectors, 
• Providing technical training and identifying opportunities for MFD by leveraging private partnerships   
• Preparing feasibility studies on applying circular economy principles for waste prevention and management in select cities and on sustainable and risk-based contaminated land management at select sites in the two countries
• Preparing feasibility studies for increased sector participation in EPR operation, including improvement of legislative framework for enhanced EPR operation 
• Establishing EPR collaboration between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan

Output 3:

• Assessing green finance options in Uzbekistan
• Preparing a concept for establishing the green finance instruments (green bonds or greed funds) for delivering circular economy solutions in Kazakhstan

Output 4:

• Completion of (i) evidence-based analytical work on the potential for CE to foster GG in developing countries, (ii) concrete guidance tools on CE operationalization to Bank staff and client countries policymakers. 

Outcomes:

1. Improved efficiency:  In circular economy, products are designed for durability, reuse and recyclability, and produced by feedstocks recovered from old products. This system aims at maximizing the value of raw materials/resource efficiency, product and services as much as possible through reuse, remanufacturing, recycling and recovery of energy while minimizing waste generation in manufacturing process and at the end-of-life stage. 

• Waste prevention through improved resource productivity/eco-design will influence consumer and industrial behaviors to reduce excessive material consumption, therefore reducing municipal solid waste, encouraging resource-efficient consumption and creating resource circulation culture.  
• Waste management such as recycling, compositing and waste to energy will also contribute to overall resource efficiency.    

2. Greater resilience:  Promote increased resilience through implementing circular economy principles focusing on waste/pollution prevention, reuse and recycling to make cities more resilient against risks arising from past development mistakes and a changing climate. This ranges from the beginning on smart product design and production processes having an impact on sourcing, resource use and waste generation throughout a product's life to waste management infrastructure design that is well adapted to a variety of futures, protection against extreme weather events, integrated water resources management and mechanisms to avoid disruptions of urban and transport services in cases of natural disasters. 

3. Increased competitiveness: Underpinning the Korean vision of GG is the notion that a focus on green sustainability need not come at the expense of growth and that greening can also be a source of increased competitiveness.  This is particularly true for production where industrial symbiosis allows waste or by-products of one industry to become inputs for another and substantial synergies exist between environment, resource efficiency and growth objectives. There is much to learn from South Korea. The two countries will enormously benefit from the advantages made by South Korea and experience learned will be distributed to other Central Asia countries.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Environmental Industry Technology Institute (KEITI) 
• Korea Engineering Consultants Corporation (KECC) and other Korea agencies 
• DFI-EDCF/KEXIM  
• Korea private partners 
• Global Environmental Facility (GEF) 
• European Union (EU)

Related Links and Documents

Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The objective of this grant is to provide solutions through policy reform, to Solid Waste Management in the East Asia region. The objective is to draw attention to the effects of inadequate waste management and the impact of solid waste on the environment and health. Inadequate waste management is a growing problem that poses a threat to public health and potential economic growth in Cambodia, Myanmar and the Philippines. Without intervention, it not only endangers the health and livelihoods of growing populations but poses serious danger to the fisheries sector and coastal areas—ultimately, affecting the growing tourism sector.  

KGGTF supports Solid Waste Management sector activities including improving solid waste collection services, community mobilization and awareness creation and incentive based improved waste collection and several activities that address the impact of mismanaged solid waste. Furthermore, this grant responds to the urgency for reform and investment in this sector through large scale information, an education and communication campaign, development of integrated management information system and preparation of solid waste masterplan for Metro Manila. Through solutions funded by KGGTF resources, and cooperation between the World Bank and the Korean Environment Institute & Technology Institute (KEITI), the focus of this program is knowledge sharing, capacity building, sharing of efficient work practices and seeking benefits through regional advocacy.

This grant is linked to Pipeline Lending ($37,000,000).

List of Activities

1. Economic impacts to tourism industry, loss of health and productivity -
2. Solid Waste Management investment identification, planning and regulatory and institutional recommendations, including capacity building and knowledge exchange on good international practice for Solid Waste Investments and Management:
3. Development of Solid Waste Management and Investment Plan plus Capacity Building and knowledge exchange for sector planning, investment prioritization and financing
4. Dissemination and capacity building of all components

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• 1-1. Identification and quantification of economic impacts in case of inaction on SWM
• 1-2. Identification and quantification of loss of health and its economic impacts in case of inaction to improve SWM

Output 2:

• 2.1. Identification and functional design of solid waste sector investments
• 2.2. Investment and operational cost estimates as well as financial cost recovery mechanisms and financial planning including government contribution for sustainable improvement of solid waste management. SWM Strategy and regulatory and institutional recommendations and planning.
• 2.3. Pre-feasibility studies of priority investments in solid waste management, particularly Cambodia 

Output 3:

• Solid Waste Management Sector Development and Investment Plan for all countries

Output 4:

• Knowledge exchange of good international practice, Dissemination of sector recommendations 

Outcomes:

• The objective of the KGGTF engagement will support the three countries to define and prioritize SWM sector development and investments together with the required government policies, legislation and monitoring/enforcement and financing reform. The expected outcomes are:
• (i) improved efficiency, as measures will be identified and designed to promote reuse and recycling as well as smart investments in more advanced SWM and recycling infrastructure. This will be done in combination with measures to optimize solid waste collection and transport which will further improve the efficiency of solid waste management;
• (ii) greater resilience and greening is embedded in the activity design as the functional design for solid waste infrastructure will be based on good international practice which includes taking into account resilience considerations where required and provide for better environmental and health conditions. Furthermore, the improved solid waste infrastructure will reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Better disposal of waste and application of new technologies will reduce Short-lived Climate Pollutants such as Methane which has very high greenhouse effects and will consequently mitigate climate change;
• (iii) increased competitiveness will be achieved specifically in the tourism sector of the respective countries as research has demonstrated that specifically the tourism produce is sensitive to degradation of natural and historic tourism resources due to pollution and solid waste. In addition, the beneficiary cities and regions will -in itself- increase their competitiveness due to improved environmental infrastructure without environmental and health impacts on its population and better health outcomes will benefit the competitiveness of the population directly. In addition, the program is foreseen to lead to improved environmental quality and health outcomes mainly from reducing the illegal dumping of waste and move away from waste dumpsites that do not adequately protect the soil, water and air contamination. It will also strengthen environmental governance through monitoring and reporting mechanisms for the quantity and composition of the waste generation and better monitoring and enforcement of the collection, transport and treatment/disposal as well as citizens engagement for participation on better collection and reduction, reuse and recycling of waste.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korean Environment Institute (KEITI)
• Korean Environment Cooperation (K-ECO)
• Sudokwan Landfill Site Management Corporation
• The Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Public Works and Transport of Cambodia
• The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Conservation of Myanmar
• Yangon City Development Committee and Mandalay City Development Committee
• The Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Department of Interior and Local Government of the Philippines

Related Links and Documents

Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The objective of this grant is to provide solutions through policy reform, to Solid Waste Management in the East Asia region. The objective is to draw attention to the effects of inadequate waste management and the impact of solid waste on the environment and health. Inadequate waste management is a growing problem that poses a threat to public health and potential economic growth in Cambodia, Myanmar and the Philippines. Without intervention, it not only endangers the health and livelihoods of growing populations but poses serious danger to the fisheries sector and coastal areas—ultimately, affecting the growing tourism sector.  

KGGTF supports Solid Waste Management sector activities including improving solid waste collection services, community mobilization and awareness creation and incentive based improved waste collection and several activities that address the impact of mismanaged solid waste. Furthermore, this grant responds to the urgency for reform and investment in this sector through large scale information, an education and communication campaign, development of integrated management information system and preparation of solid waste masterplan for Metro Manila. Through solutions funded by KGGTF resources, and cooperation between the World Bank and the Korean Environment Institute & Technology Institute (KEITI), the focus of this program is knowledge sharing, capacity building, sharing of efficient work practices and seeking benefits through regional advocacy.  

List of Activities

1. Economic impacts to tourism industry, loss of health and productivity -
2. Solid Waste Management investment identification, planning and regulatory and institutional recommendations, including capacity building and knowledge exchange on good international practice for Solid Waste Investments and Management:
3. Development of Solid Waste Management and Investment Plan plus Capacity Building and knowledge exchange for sector planning, investment prioritization and financing
4. Dissemination and capacity building of all components

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• 1-1. Identification and quantification of economic impacts in case of inaction on SWM
• 1-2. Identification and quantification of loss of health and its economic impacts in case of inaction to improve SWM

Output 2:

• 2.1. Identification and functional design of solid waste sector investments
• 2.2. Investment and operational cost estimates as well as financial cost recovery mechanisms and financial planning including government contribution for sustainable improvement of solid waste management. SWM Strategy and regulatory and institutional recommendations and planning.
• 2.3. Pre-feasibility studies of priority investments in solid waste management, particularly Cambodia 

Output 3:

• Solid Waste Management Sector Development and Investment Plan for all countries

Output 4:

• Knowledge exchange of good international practice, Dissemination of sector recommendations 

Outcomes:

• The objective of the KGGTF engagement will support the three countries to define and prioritize SWM sector development and investments together with the required government policies, legislation and monitoring/enforcement and financing reform. The expected outcomes are:
• (i) improved efficiency, as measures will be identified and designed to promote reuse and recycling as well as smart investments in more advanced SWM and recycling infrastructure. This will be done in combination with measures to optimize solid waste collection and transport which will further improve the efficiency of solid waste management;
• (ii) greater resilience and greening is embedded in the activity design as the functional design for solid waste infrastructure will be based on good international practice which includes taking into account resilience considerations where required and provide for better environmental and health conditions. Furthermore, the improved solid waste infrastructure will reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Better disposal of waste and application of new technologies will reduce Short-lived Climate Pollutants such as Methane which has very high greenhouse effects and will consequently mitigate climate change;
• (iii) increased competitiveness will be achieved specifically in the tourism sector of the respective countries as research has demonstrated that specifically the tourism produce is sensitive to degradation of natural and historic tourism resources due to pollution and solid waste. In addition, the beneficiary cities and regions will -in itself- increase their competitiveness due to improved environmental infrastructure without environmental and health impacts on its population and better health outcomes will benefit the competitiveness of the population directly. In addition, the program is foreseen to lead to improved environmental quality and health outcomes mainly from reducing the illegal dumping of waste and move away from waste dumpsites that do not adequately protect the soil, water and air contamination. It will also strengthen environmental governance through monitoring and reporting mechanisms for the quantity and composition of the waste generation and better monitoring and enforcement of the collection, transport and treatment/disposal as well as citizens engagement for participation on better collection and reduction, reuse and recycling of waste.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korean Environment Institute (KEITI)
• Korean Environment Cooperation (K-ECO)
• Sudokwan Landfill Site Management Corporation
• The Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Public Works and Transport of Cambodia
• The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Conservation of Myanmar
• Yangon City Development Committee and Mandalay City Development Committee
• The Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Department of Interior and Local Government of the Philippines

Related Links and Documents

Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The objective of this grant is to provide solutions through policy reform, to Solid Waste Management in the East Asia region. The objective is to draw attention to the effects of inadequate waste management and the impact of solid waste on the environment and health. Inadequate waste management is a growing problem that poses a threat to public health and potential economic growth in Cambodia, Myanmar and the Philippines. Without intervention, it not only endangers the health and livelihoods of growing populations but poses serious danger to the fisheries sector and coastal areas—ultimately, affecting the growing tourism sector.  

KGGTF supports Solid Waste Management sector activities including improving solid waste collection services, community mobilization and awareness creation and incentive based improved waste collection and several activities that address the impact of mismanaged solid waste. Furthermore, this grant responds to the urgency for reform and investment in this sector through large scale information, an education and communication campaign, development of integrated management information system and preparation of solid waste masterplan for Metro Manila. Through solutions funded by KGGTF resources, and cooperation between the World Bank and the Korean Environment Institute & Technology Institute (KEITI), the focus of this program is knowledge sharing, capacity building, sharing of efficient work practices and seeking benefits through regional advocacy.  

List of Activities

1. Economic impacts to tourism industry, loss of health and productivity -
2. Solid Waste Management investment identification, planning and regulatory and institutional recommendations, including capacity building and knowledge exchange on good international practice for Solid Waste Investments and Management:
3. Development of Solid Waste Management and Investment Plan plus Capacity Building and knowledge exchange for sector planning, investment prioritization and financing
4. Dissemination and capacity building of all components

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• 1-1. Identification and quantification of economic impacts in case of inaction on SWM
• 1-2. Identification and quantification of loss of health and its economic impacts in case of inaction to improve SWM

Output 2:

• 2.1. Identification and functional design of solid waste sector investments
• 2.2. Investment and operational cost estimates as well as financial cost recovery mechanisms and financial planning including government contribution for sustainable improvement of solid waste management. SWM Strategy and regulatory and institutional recommendations and planning.
• 2.3. Pre-feasibility studies of priority investments in solid waste management, particularly Cambodia 

Output 3:

• Solid Waste Management Sector Development and Investment Plan for all countries

Output 4:

• Knowledge exchange of good international practice, Dissemination of sector recommendations 

Outcomes:

• The objective of the KGGTF engagement will support the three countries to define and prioritize SWM sector development and investments together with the required government policies, legislation and monitoring/enforcement and financing reform. The expected outcomes are:
• (i) improved efficiency, as measures will be identified and designed to promote reuse and recycling as well as smart investments in more advanced SWM and recycling infrastructure. This will be done in combination with measures to optimize solid waste collection and transport which will further improve the efficiency of solid waste management;
• (ii) greater resilience and greening is embedded in the activity design as the functional design for solid waste infrastructure will be based on good international practice which includes taking into account resilience considerations where required and provide for better environmental and health conditions. Furthermore, the improved solid waste infrastructure will reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Better disposal of waste and application of new technologies will reduce Short-lived Climate Pollutants such as Methane which has very high greenhouse effects and will consequently mitigate climate change;
• (iii) increased competitiveness will be achieved specifically in the tourism sector of the respective countries as research has demonstrated that specifically the tourism produce is sensitive to degradation of natural and historic tourism resources due to pollution and solid waste. In addition, the beneficiary cities and regions will -in itself- increase their competitiveness due to improved environmental infrastructure without environmental and health impacts on its population and better health outcomes will benefit the competitiveness of the population directly. In addition, the program is foreseen to lead to improved environmental quality and health outcomes mainly from reducing the illegal dumping of waste and move away from waste dumpsites that do not adequately protect the soil, water and air contamination. It will also strengthen environmental governance through monitoring and reporting mechanisms for the quantity and composition of the waste generation and better monitoring and enforcement of the collection, transport and treatment/disposal as well as citizens engagement for participation on better collection and reduction, reuse and recycling of waste.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korean Environment Institute (KEITI)
• Korean Environment Cooperation (K-ECO)
• Sudokwan Landfill Site Management Corporation
• The Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Public Works and Transport of Cambodia
• The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Conservation of Myanmar
• Yangon City Development Committee and Mandalay City Development Committee
• The Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Department of Interior and Local Government of the Philippines

Related Links and Documents