Urban

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Project summary

Goals to improve efficiency, resilience, and competitiveness are driving the building of greener cities. Sustainability need not come at the expense of growth, but the building of sustainable cities requires knowledge of challenges and GHG emissions expertise. KGGTF’s urban portfolio continues efforts started in Y1 by building human resource capacity to help cities plan sound climate programs based on green growth implementation standards. The three-year USD $1.37 million program, which will reach 150 cities by mid-2015, has completed a strategy paper and roadmap for developing a City Climate Planner Certification program. The program team has finalized an emission inventory training program, and the partners will meet to commit financial resources and identify roles to take the program forward. The program will certify its first group of professionals in the summer of 2015. The program is also helping build cities’ capacity to access private capital to finance low-carbon, climate resilient infrastructure. The Low-carbon Livable Cities initiative’s City Creditworthiness Academy held five-day workshops in Colombia, Tanzania, and Korea in 2014 for municipal finance officers from several dozen regional cities. The program will hold its final regional event in Senegal in 2015.

List of Activities

• Building the human resource base that will help cities establish high quality climate plans based on technically sound and standardized methods
• Offering workshops that offer a set of intense training modules ranging from revenue management to climate smart capital investment planning, and from debt financing options to the enabling environment for sub-national finance
• Preparing summary reports detailing the outcomes of the academies, with a special focus on what creditworthiness impediments have been identified by the city participants as the most challenging going forward

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Coalition partner workshops to discuss pressing program development issues
• Meetings with sovereign and/or local authorities to discuss deployment of the program within their jurisdiction
• Development of emission inventory training program and support materials
• Development of certification standards for certification focused on knowledge of citywide emission inventory development
• Development of certification standards for certification focused on knowledge of climate action plan development
• Institutions accredited to train individuals on different certification program elements
• Individuals participating in training programs related to personnel certification

Output 2:

• Cities attending Credit Worthiness Academy workshops
• Academy workshops that pursue implementation partnership agreements with the WB or other funding partner organizations
• Cities making demonstrable progress on two or more initiatives identified as part of their post-workshop roadmap
• New partnerships with external funding organizations

Outcomes:

The outcomes of this project will build and strengthen the capacities of individuals and public/private institutions of the Bank’s client countries to promote low carbon and climate resilient development. Ultimately, those holding the city climate planner certification can be expected to work within local government, civil society organizations, and consultancies supporting local climate work. In this regard, their presence will lead to tangible changes in local knowledge and conversations around local climate planning. In the short run, we expect to see a marked increase in the number of cities with comprehensive GHG inventories, while over the long run, more and more cities crafting climate change action plans that build on inventory data will be seen.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

This project was launched in Gwangju, Korea, supported by the Gwangju Metropolitan City, the Gwangju-based city network Urban Environmental Accords, and 16 external organizations.

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As Turkey embarks on a national effort to promote sustainable cities, KGGTF’s two-year USD $500,000 program is providing technical assistance to create a green growth information plat- form. The platform will include green growth indicators and collect baseline data to analyze key urban planning variables, including land, housing, transport, energy efficiency, and infrastructure. The program team will also prepare sustainable city action plans using a framework informed by the platform. The program will prepare a report for Turkey modeled on the Korean Industrial Complex Corporation. The report will present options for the Government to transform industrial zones into eco-friendly areas.  

List of Activities

• Sustainable City Planning and Management Systems: to provide technical assistance support to municipalities, preparation of feasibility studies, environmental assessments and basic engineering designs and support to Iller Bank (Ilbank) in grants management and capacity building.
• Municipal Investments: to finance targeted infrastructure investments in participating municipalities.
• Project Management: to finance goods and consultant services for monitoring and evaluation, outreach and communication and local technical consultants for the engineering supervision

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Database and Information Platform Report completed

Output 2:

• 8 city specific Action Plans prepared

Output 3:

• KICOX Model Adaptation Report

Output 4:

• One Study Tour and Training Program in Korea
• Multiple clinics, hands‐on advisory services, and virtual learning

Outcomes:

The expected outcomes of this project are to incrementally improve the sustainability of participating municipalities as measured by a Sustainable Cities Index. To a satisfactory degree, all participating municipalities will be able to prepare, adopt and commence implementation of their Sustainable Cities Action Plan; at least 5 participating cities will be able to record an increase in their Sustainability Index score; and the population (number) and built assets (value) with will be subject to a reduced exposure to disaster risk in pilot areas.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• KICOX
• MoLIT
• Green Technology Center of Korea
• Seoul National University
• KEXIM
• KRIHS

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Metro Manila is home to 12 million people, accounting for one-third of the population of the Philippines, and half of the country’s economic output. Regular flooding affects 2.4 million in Manila, creating an urgent need for safe shelters for the city’s 100,000 informal settler families. To promote inclusive growth and bolster flood resilience, KGGTF’s USD $350,000 program supports citywide development under the National Informal Settlement Upgrading Strategy. Piloted in three of seven cities in Metro Manila, and reaching 400,000 citizens living in vulnerable slums, a citywide shelter plan will guide new construction and create jobs. Participatory, community-led planning, mapping, and surveying approaches also will empower residents. Once tested, authorities can replicate the program in other cities. Partners already supporting the KGGTF program include the Asian Coalition for Housing Rights.  

List of Activities

• Conducting spatial mapping and socio-economic profiling of all informal communities in the city (or district/village) overlaid with hazard maps
• Building a citywide shelter development plan based on supply (land, subsidy, other financing) and demand-side (shelter needs, affordability etc.) analyses and prioritization of communities based on a clear set of criteria
• Planning community-driven slum upgrading project for priority communities in each pilot city
• Establishing or revitalizing a platform for government-CSO-private sector collaboration
• Providing capacity building for the key stakeholders

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• 1-1. CDA concept paper developed.
• 1-2. Pilot city profiled developed.
• 1-3. CDA operational guidelines and tools developed.
• 1-4. Functional project management system established.

Output 2:

• 2-1. CDA strategy developed and approved by the LGUs in each pilot city.
• 2-2. Achievement of interventions prioritized in each pilot city’s CDA strategy.

Output 3:

• 3-1. Rapid assessment of pilot cities’ CLUPs and CDPs conducted.
• 3-2. CLUPs and CDPs revised and approved by the LGUs.

Output 4:

• 4-1. CDA training materials developed.
• 4-2. CDA experts mobilized to provide guidance to the Project.
• 4-3. Exchange visits conducted.
• 4-4. Knowledge products developed.
• 4-5. Dissemination workshops held at the LGU and national levels.

Outcomes:

The outcomes of this project are intended to establish the Citywide Development Approach to Informal Settlement Upgrading (CDA) as a viable solution for reducing vulnerability and improving the resiliency of flood-affected informal settlers in Metro Manila. The CDA will allow the Government to address the informal settlement issue at scale in a timely manner by adopting a programmatic, decentralized, and highly participatory slum upgrading approach.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS)
• Asian Coalition of Housing Rights (ACHR)

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Vietnam’s consumption of electricity has increased by 400% over the last decade, in part due to low efficiency, obsolete industrial technologies. Government studies show that the cement, textile, steel, and food processing sectors could use at least 20% less energy if managed efficiently. Using examples from Korea and International Finance Corporation (IFC) experience in Bangladesh and China, the KGGTF’s two-year USD $750,000 program is creating a scalable model for Vietnam’s industrial zones. The program team will demonstrate clean, efficient energy usage in multiple neighboring factories to show local authorities, the private sector, zone management companies, and Vietnam’s Ministry of Planning and Investment how to create low-carbon industrial parks. Through workshops with these stakeholders, the program will share case studies and raise awareness about innovative technologies for greening industrial parks. Interventions planned for pilot cities will reduce CO2 emissions by 100,000 metric tons while decreasing freshwater use by 500,000 m3 annually.  

List of Activities

• Developing firm-level demonstration projects that can serve as models of manufacturing green growth
• Developing Industrial Zone level demonstration projects that can serve as models of infrastructure green growth and raising awareness
• Providing technical advice to MPI for EIP development in Vietnam that is consistent with the national green growth strategy for the country
• Facilitating implementation and replication of clean technology solutions and international best practices via audits, feasibility studies, and multi-stakeholder engagement

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1: Firm-Level Intervention

• Number of factories that implement IFC recommended changes or projects: Fifteen (15)

Output 2: IZ Level Intervention

• Number of IZs that implement IFC recommended changes or projects: Four (4)

Output 3: Advice to MPI

• Number of procedures/standards/guidelines developed by IFC: One (1)

Outcomes:

This multi-sector project is expected to demonstrate a scalable, replicable model for green growth in industrial zones (IZs) in Vietnam by systematically developing energy/resource efficiency (REF) and clean energy (CE) projects in targeted IZs. It is intended to leverage a new type of aggregator – IZ Management and Infrastructure Companies – to drive change from the business-as-usual scenario and promote green growth. Based on the planned interventions, this activity will avoid 100,000 metric tons of CO2-equivalent per year and avoid freshwater use of 500,000 m3 per year.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

The project leveraged on the partnership with the Korea Industrial Complex Corporation (KICOX) to benefit from their successful EIP experience in Korea, as well as to tap into opportunities for knowledge exchange and other activities during project implementation.

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The Rwandan Government’s 2013 Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy envisions urbanization as a driver of growth. The KGGTF’s multi-year USD $650,000 program is providing technical assistance to Rwanda to develop the green growth economic potential of secondary cities. Rwanda needs a network of secondary towns to absorb rural migrants as the Government expects the agricultural workforce to decrease to 30% in 2040 from 50% in 2020. At the Government’s request, the World Bank had assessed investment priorities in six target cities. The KGGTF program will, in part, support further investment prioritization. The KGGTF support will support technical assistance and capacity building to the GoR in developing better and more sustainable, multi-sectoral urban plans, prioritizing investments and building capacity of local governments and the national ministries in developing and implementing their urban vision.

List of Activities

• Increasing awareness on the application of green urban development approaches and tools among key policy makers at the national and sub-national levels of government
• Conducting feasibility studies for prioritized city level investments in secondary cities and linking the prioritization of resilient and sustainable infrastructure investments (e.g. transport, energy and rural development) that would foster the economic role and development of secondary cities in Rwanda leading to more balanced urban growth
• Hosting exchange visits between Korea and Rwanda in key areas of green urban development where Korea has relevant experience, including affordable housing, planning, use of ICT in urban development and transport management
• Providing a vision and implementation plan for the green, sustainable, and efficient economic growth for Rwanda’s secondary cities

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• 6 Economic Profiles/development plans

Output 2:

• 3-6 updated urban plans

Output 3:

• 6 Sets of Investment Priorities

Output 4:

• Capacity developed at national and local level

Outcomes:

Through this project, the Government of Rwanda will be better equipped to articulate and implement a national program aimed at fostering sustainable and resilient urban development to facilitate inclusive economic growth. This support has also better enabled approaches to integrated, multi-sectoral spatial planning and management, including integration of water and energy sector.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea: Korea through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is advising the GoR on green growth broadly, and during the implementation of activities, the Bank will work closely with the Korean government to ensure synergies and complementarity between the programs.
• UN Habitat: UN Habitat is advising on urban planning and development of national urban policy and would be a partner in support on sustainable urban planning.
• GIZ: GIZ is advising on housing and this is an area of support by the World Bank requested by the GoR
• IFC: IFC is investing in housing development and housing finance in Rwanda
• European Union: The EU is supporting housing market development
• IGC: International Growth Center (Oxford University and LSE) are supporting knowledge work in urbanization in Rwanda in partnership with the World Bank.
• Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) is developing a support program on green urban growth in Rwanda, mainly through advisory support.

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Mexico’s 383 cities, home to 78% of Mexico’s population, are engines of economic growth and prosperity, but rapid urbanization through a large spatial expansion, decades-old low-density urban growth, and decaying infrastructure have led Mexican officials to pursue green growth strategies. The urban growth pattern for the last thirty years was a large spatial expansion that led to a low-density development that resulted in inefficient resource use for economic development. Hence it is required to redefine urban landscape to amplify the gain from urbanization and to promote green and inclusive growth.

List of Activities

• Facilitating the incorporation of a set of activities to inform the policy reforms
• Designing and implementing instruments for sustainable and inclusive cities
• Fostering learning and knowledge-sharing

Outputs and Outcomes

Outcome 1:

• Develop a methodology to assess the environmental, social and economic implications of various urbanization patterns and design suitable instruments to mitigate externalities and reap potential benefits accordingly

Outcome 2:

• Develop a spatial planning tool for cities. Preliminarily, the team would seek to support initial efforts by the Centro Mario Molina think-tank to apply the Calthorpe model to Mexican Cities

Outcomes:

The expected outcome of this project is support for the government of Mexico in their sustainable urban and housing policy priority in order to increase the sustainability and inclusiveness of the urban sector and to improve the affordability and diversification of the housing market.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Ministry of Land, Transport and Infrastructure (MOLIT)
• Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS)
• Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI)
• Seoul National University
• Yonsei or Korea University

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Project summary

Cities are important engines of economic growth, but rapid urbanization also can cause severe congestion, poor air quality, increased road accidents, and rapid increases in energy consumption. Transportation is a critical issue that affects people’s health, economic prospects, and well-being—and
the sustainability of cities. The program aims to help connect, share and develop technical capacity among leaders, including senior decision makers who influence urban transport policies, to apply green transport principles and methods to promote economic growth.  This is necessary as urban transport cannot be approached in a piecemeal manner and all aspects need to be rolled into a holistic learning approach.

List of Activities

• Developing capacity amongst leaders on approaching urban mobility in a comprehensive and holistic manner to derive the desired outcomes of sustainable, low carbon and inclusive mobility
• Bringing together the different dimensions that need to come together for problem solving and designing sound urban transport systems
• Leveraging the opportunity of continuous learning through collaboration platforms to feed participants with new knowledge and information and supporting discussion forums

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• 15 offerings of the program over a period of three years, out of which at least three will be in Seoul  

Output 2:

• Additional learning material development in terms of 8 new case studies and three new self-study modules. This material will be used by KOTI and other delivery centers. It will be part of a regular body of learning tools for this capacity building effort and can be used for any offering.  It would also be useful learning material that can be used by educational institutions that take up urban transport teaching programs.  

Output 3:

• Three faculty development workshops aimed at developing capacity to manage action learning approaches to capacity development and teaching/writing case studies  

Output 4:

• A restructured version of the program focusing on secondary cities, where the unique needs to cities at early stages of growth will be addressed.  

Output 5:

• Continuous and active management of the activity on the collaboration platform to help it become a kind of gateway for advice on urban transport related issues. This would require dedicated professional manpower that would monitor activity on the platform and keep it vibrant and updated.  

Output 6:

• Marketing and outreach through flyers, booklets and a promotional film 

Outcomes:

The outcomes of this project place an emphasis on the case study method of learning, coupled with group exercises and site visits. This methodology has been specially chosen keeping in mind the learning style of the target group which comprises of decision makers with several years of work experience. This program has already been offered in several cities, in English, French and Spanish. Offerings have been in Singapore, Seoul, Marseille, Ahmedabad, Buenos Aires and Mexico. Starting with a self-study phase, this program moved on to a face-to-face event requiring intensive discussion of real-life cases, group exercises and site visits. Finally, participants joined a Community of Practice platform that aided continuous learning through discussion forums, news, and continuing learning events. The results of these offerings have been very encouraging and the demand for this program has been growing.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

Korea particularly has excellent examples to present in terms of planning and managing an integrated transport system. Through institutionalized partnerships with KOTI as a key strategic partner, offerings have been made in Seoul, which aimed to strengthen the capacity of partner institutions to offer this program on a regular basis. KOTI was particularly collaborative during this phase, which emphasized the development of new learning material, faculty development, and continuous learning through the collaboration platform. In addition to KOTI, this program was also run in partnership with the LTA in Singapore, CEPT University in India, AFD in France and Embarq in Mexico.

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With a metropolitan population of 17 million, which is expected to rise to 28 million by 2030, Karachi contributes 20% of the GDP and nearly 45% of the national economic value-added, despite many challenges to competitiveness and livability. The Karachi Strategic Development Plan (KSDP) 2020 lays a foundation for future policy and investment planning. The Plan is guided by principles safeguarding quality of life, promoting inclusivity, and fostering sustainability, and includes green initiatives in trans- port, drainage, solid waste management, and other sectors. The program aims to support analytical work and knowledge exchange on master infrastructure investment planning to move the KSDP along from simply a vision to a true operational business plan.    

List of Activities

• Conducting a Rapid City Assessment that identifies the specific nature of constraints to Karachi’s livability and competitiveness, based on historical trends and projected growth over the next two decades in terms of population, economic, and spatial characteristics
• Documenting constraints to unlocking land and bringing housing on to the market, meeting the shortfall in services, increasing investments, and providing effective policies and institutions for Karachi’s sustainable growth
• Reviewing of the background studies and inputs into the preparation of the KSDP to be undertaken to identify whether additional analytic work is needed to tackle the constraints identified and mainstream principles of green growth
• Preparing a detailed investment financing plan based on the final set of initiatives (from the KSDP and supplemented by additional analytic work), which culminates in the final business plan that brings together an integrated approach for implementation of specific initiatives to make the city more livable and competitive

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Rapid City Assessment 

Output 2:

• Evaluation of KSDP and Supplemental Studies 

Output 3:

• Investment Plan  

Output 4:

• Business Plan

Output 5:

• Implementation Mechanism

Output 6:

• Capacity Building

Outcomes:

The expected outcomes of the project include the completion of a rapid city diagnostic report, evaluation report of KSDP, additional analytic reports necessary to supplement the KSDP, an investment plan to supplement the KSDP, a business plan that reflects green growth principles, and stakeholder consultation events to obtain buy-in. The ultimate goal of the project is to support the analytical work and knowledge exchange on core themes related to master planning and infrastructure investment planning needed to move the Karachi Strategic Development Plan (KSDP 2020) from theory into an operation-able business plan.  

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

The work will be undertaken in close coordination with the Pakistan Urban Sector Assessment and the South Asia Regional Urbanization Flagship, as well as through a partnership with the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS).

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This multi-year program for Indian officials, including the Ministry of Urban Development, analyzed economic and physical development opportunities associated with connectivity improvements through a 1,839-km corridor. Already embarking on low-carbon transition, the program also identified options to maximize those opportunities, including good policies and programs. The team also summarized the socio-economic and demographic profile of the six states lining the corridor and identified the most promising three sub- regions in the state of Uttar Pradesh as potential industrial and logistic hubs for continued in-depth studies.  

List of Activities

• Supporting green urban development along India’s Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor (EDFC), which is currently under construction with World Bank support
• Supporting analytical work to set-out options for green urban development along the EDFC in response to a specific request that has been received from the Department of Economic Affairs, Government of India
• Ensuring that the carbon footprint of urban development along the EDFC is minimized, based on the Korean experience in the development of such green secondary cities (i.e., Sejong city)

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Intermediate report on initial corridor diagnostics covering: detailed economic, demographic & institutional analysis (including analysis of land delivery systems) of locations along the EDFC; and estimates of freight & passenger trip volumes, as well as mode splits for freight & passenger movements along the EDFC corridor under different scenarios, etc.

Output 2:

• Intermediate report on likely development patterns along the EDFC based on spatial economic analysis of the changing economic geography of market potential associated with EDFC investments and various scenarios, selective reconnaissance survey and feedback from consultative events with central government entities and the states

Output 3:

• Final options paper on green urban development scenarios and recommendations supporting each scenario along the EDFC

Outcomes:

The program intends to produce three main outputs: 1) intermediate report on initial corridor diagnostics, 2) intermediate report on likely development patterns along the EDFC, and 3) final options paper on green urban development scenarios and recommendations supporting each scenario along the EDFC. It utilizes two main results indicators: 1) dissemination of findings from analytical work on the options for green urban development along the EDFC to relevant actors in central and state governments, as evidenced by the successful holding of a series of consultative events, and 2) MoUD and GoI policy on green urban development along the EDFC informed, as evidenced by references in policy speeches, official documentation etc. to the options for such development as set-out in a Bank prepared “options paper”.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

Leveraging on the Bank’s existing partnership with the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS) in key Flagship activities – notably, in the formation of a network of urban practitioners – this program has provided an opportunity to extend this collaboration.

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In Mexico, urban population in 10 more metropolitan areas and 50 cities over the last thirty years has doubled. Most of the newer urban areas are developed with low-density housing development that resulted in a patched urban development pattern and forced low-income families to live far core urban areas. Such urban growth pattern also results in social instability and decaying infrastructure. To help address unsustainable urban expansion, the Mexican Government initiated the DUIS (Desarrollos Urbanos Integrales Sustentables; integrated sustainable urban development program) whose methodology and incentive package are geared towards green field initiatives through smart-growth and sustainable principles. The instruments for urban redevelopment under the DUIS Program aim at strengthening intra-urban redevelopment programs through support for a framework and package of incentives, including funding, subsidies, guarantees, access to equity funding, and/ or technical advice.

List of Activities

• Supporting the Government of Mexico to promote green growth in urban areas through public-private intra-urban re-development projects
• Providing technical advice to strengthen the Desarrollos Urbanos Integrales Sustentables (DUIS) program through the design of a framework and a package of incentives (including funding, subsidies, guarantees, access to equity funds, and/or technical advice)
• Developing intra-urban redevelopment projects in medium-sized Mexican cities with public and private sector participation

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Three cities with planned re-development projects (currently under review by the DUIS Program) would benefit directly from the proposal: Tlaquepaque, Jalisco; Guadalajara, Jalisco and Puebla, Puebla 

Output 2:

• The DUIS program has mobilized total investments for around US$2 billion (public + private, nation-wide). 

Output 3:

• 3 knowledge sharing/dissemination events with private and public stakeholders 

Output 4:

• DUIS program enhanced to include intra-urban redevelopment options 
• Policy and regulatory reform drafted and adopted at local level to support intra-urban redevelopment

Outcomes:

The project intends to develop a package of instruments (financial, legal, technical) to ensure that cities have feasible alternatives to increasing housing supply for urban residents beyond the expansion of urban areas. It is expected to support the DUIS initiative to develop a specific package of incentives for urban redevelopment which will act as a catalyst to improve medium-sized cities in Mexico.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

The Korean Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS) served as a main partner for the proposed activities. The KRIHS has extensive research and practical experience on urban redevelopment in Seoul and other major cities of Korea, in terms of financial incentives, regulatory and legal frameworks. It was also in charge of providing a linkage with major development companies and financial firms who had worked on redevelopment cases in downtown Seoul to get some advisory role from market participants. In addition, there was also collaboration with Seoul Metropolitan Government  to leverage its extensive experiences in re-development of urban centers to share their experiences and perspectives of providing incentive structures to promote high-density, mixed use development.

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Many countries are moving away from disposal-focused approaches to solid waste management by reducing the volume of solid waste through reuse and recycling. The program is developing knowledge products that foster innovation and highlight best practices for policies, technologies, and practices to support and apply green and inclusive growth strategies in the LAC region’s solid waste and green city initiatives. Applying those tools in pilot countries will help enable greening of waste management, benefiting more than 40 projects in a variety of sectors.

List of Activities

• Global Knowledge: compiling knowledge, best practices and innovations related to policies, technologies, private and informal sector involvement on solid waste management (SWM) topics including recycling, waste reduction, litter management, greenhouse gas emissions
• Entry points in WB projects in LAC: identifying opportunities for involvement in the existing project portfolio and as part of future green city projects in the following areas: policy development, financing, and knowledge development
• Technical Assistance: developing toolkits and other materials for training that can be rolled out within the context of existing projects where opportunities have been identified
• Support with project design: incorporating best practices in the design of new SD operations in LAC, which involve SWM components
• Delivery of support: developing a network of practitioners to support knowledge development and innovation in this space
• Monitoring and evaluation: developing frameworks for monitoring impact of interventions

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• At least one municipality in each of the countries where ongoing SWM projects are being implemented (in LAC): i.e. Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Argentina, Peru, and Haiti benefits from tools developed under this project 

Output 2:

• Ongoing projects incorporate knowledge generated by this work in the development of sector strategies and in the implementation of activities 

Output 3:

• Design of new projects are informed by knowledge generated through this proposal, and new projects incorporate elements of innovative SWM  

Output 4:

• At least four south-south knowledge sharing events conducted on: SWM technologies, management models, informal sector involvement, financing 

Output 5:

• Community of practice with participants from at least six countries exchanging knowledge

Outcomes:

As an expected outcome, this project intends to support strategies for green and inclusive growth strategies in the waste management sub-sector and apply them in the region’s solid waste and green city initiatives. Through knowledge development, development of tools and their application it on the ground, the grant will help create the enabling environment for greening of waste management using the LAC SWM portfolio, which includes more than 40 projects, covering a variety of sectors and through the evolving green city engagement in the region.  

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To help Ecuador cope with uncoordinated urban sprawl fueled by population growth, the program enhances government capacity to manage green urban planning. The program supports development of an analytical framework and policy guidelines for sustainable urban growth built on principles of high density, mixed land use, smart growth, transit-oriented development, and environmental considerations. Korean experts are sharing their lessons and experiences in urban and transit development, and financing instruments for mixed land use. 

List of Activities

• Providing analytical framework and practical guidelines to develop a green urban growth strategy
• Developing a pilot project to apply the guidelines on smart urban growth  
• Enhancing the capacity of the Governments to manage greener urban planning practice and policy formulation

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• In-depth analysis of current land use and zoning system and identifying opportunities and challenges in the current land use regulations  

Output 2:

• Spatial assessment of the selected metropolitan areas and mapping socio-economic vulnerability and environmentally sensitive areas, understanding the trends of urban growth in the selected metropolitan areas, identifying areas for high-density development

Output 3:

• Development of practical guideline for green urban growth strategy reflecting the context of each country based on the principles of high density/mixed land use, transit-oriented development, environmental sustainability and smart urban design standards 

Output 4:

• An analytical work to select a pilot program that can serve as quick demonstration effects

Output 5:

• Preparation of a pilot project which lays out the key concept, overarching design principle, preliminary engineering design, as well as implementation plan and financing strategy, based on stakeholder participation

Output 6:

• Provide demand-driven ‘just in-time’ notes on international experiences of transit-oriented development and various planning tools for smart growth

Output 7:

• Organize a learning event or study tour on green urban land management (for instance, in collaboration with Seoul Metropolitan Government)

Outcomes:

The outcomes of this project include support for an analytical framework and policy guidelines for a sustainable urban growth strategy built on smart growth, transit-oriented development, and environmental consideration, in order to cope with continuing urban sprawl and uncoordinated urban expansion in the main metropolitan areas of Panama and Ecuador, as well as support for developing a pilot project in each country which would have demonstration effects of smart urban design and integrated land and transport plan. In addition, the grant also intended an important impact on the ongoing World Bank TA programs on integrated urban land management and land-based financing instruments in Panama and Ecuador. Finally, the project intended to help policy makers and planners incorporating transit-oriented development, smart land use, and innovative financing instruments to their broader urban planning practice and policy formulation.   

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

The Korean Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS) served as a main partner for the proposed activities. In fact, KRIHS had a bilateral meeting in July 2011 with the Government of Ecuador about their potential collaboration in sustainable urban growth management and housing agenda following the recent summit meeting between the two countries. Both KRIHS and the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development have expressed a strong interest in tri-party collaboration with the Bank to facilitate the urban growth agenda in Ecuador. In addition, further collaboration with other Korean agencies such as the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTMA) and the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), the Seoul Metropolitan Government, and the Korean Transport Institute had been envisaged.  

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The green vision for the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region (RMRJ) program aims to build a foundation for long-term sustainable planning and governance. It will focus on supporting the development of a green vision to complement and enrich the state’s integrated territorial development approach. The project will support Rio’s transition to a post-modern sustainable city through two types of activities: (i) technical assistance to build capacity at the metropolitan level for urban planning to address region-wide green growth issues; and (ii) a multi-stakeholder process to develop and disseminate a knowledge product on metropolitan-based green growth in the region. These activities will support the emergence of the RMRJ as an eco-metropolis that leverages its strategic investments and economic potential to produce sustainable and inclusive economic growth.  

List of Activities

• Enhancing the capacity of metropolitan institutions in the state of Rio de Janeiro to execute sectoral and inter-sectoral plans in areas related to green growth such as transport and disaster risk management
• Continuing and deepening the engagement with Rio de Janeiro in the area of metropolitan governance and integrated territorial growth development and planning
• Mitigating the negative impact of rapid urban development and failure of cooperation at inter-municipal level
• Promoting South-South knowledge exchange on best practices in sustainable urban development and green growth in Brazil and Korea.

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Foster debate of possible institutional models for metropolitan governance in Rio de Janeiro 

Output 2:

• Comparative study of metropolitan governance and green growth metropolitan strategies in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, and Recife) and Korea (Seoul and Gangreung City), including different ways to deal with conflicts and cooperation incentives at inter-municipal level in key sectors around which metropolitan institutions are effectively the best level for management.

Output 3:

• Strengthened capacity of metropolitan institutions in Rio de Janeiro state

Outcomes:

The expected outcomes of the project are in (i) fostering debate of possible institutional models for metropolitan governance in Rio de Janeiro, (ii) producing a comparative study of metropolitan governance and green growth metropolitan strategies in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, and Recife) and Korea (Seoul and Gangreung City), including different ways to deal with conflicts and cooperation incentives at inter-municipal level in key sectors around which metropolitan institutions are effectively the best level for management, and (iii) strengthened capacity of metropolitan institutions in Rio de Janeiro state.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

This project sought the provision of technical assistance to build urban planning capacity and develops and disseminates urban green growth knowledge products and lessons learned in partnership with the Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG). 

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

Spatially constrained and environmentally fragile, the Rio metropolitan area has made the Rio Stage region susceptible to environmental disaster. To support sustainable economic growth and implementation of Rio de Janeiro’s ISO-certified low-carbon city program, two innovative programs are helping Brazil’s second largest metropolitan area to improve social services and decrease environmental degradation. The first of its kind, the low-carbon city development program is providing tools to quantify and track GHG emissions, helping Rio to promote resource efficiency while creating green jobs. The new harmonized approach leverages financial and technical tools to help structure and implement future municipal low- carbon investments.  

List of Activities

• Conducting a scoping study and work with the Municipal Government to set up a pilot monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) system for demonstration projects, which will comprise the backbone of the Program and be expanded to ensure its longevity in the City of Rio de Janeiro
• Conducting a scoping study and work with stakeholders to prepare a strategic plan for innovative financial products, including potential carbon-linked financial products, to implement one or more of the energy efficiency findings from the TRACE study
• Conducting a retrospective GHG analysis of past interventions following the LCCDP process in order to transparently demonstrate achievement of Rio’s 2012 GHG Reduction Targets and populate the MRV system
• Producing one or more learning materials in order to facilitate a knowledge exchange with other cities interested in developing an LCCDP

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Implementation of the Rio Low-Carbon City Development Program 

Output 2:

• Structuring, leveraging of finance, and implementation of current and future municipal investments in a low-carbon way on the ground in Rio 

Output 3:

• Catalytic impact by providing tools to quantify and track emissions and additional carbon-related financing 

Output 4:

• Promote green urban growth, resource efficiency, and green jobs through low-carbon investment 

Output 5:

• Promote innovation and development of city-level carbon finance mechanisms and low-carbon development programs 

Output 6:

• South-South and South-North knowledge exchange with other cities 

Outcomes:

This project envisages outcomes such as increased knowledge and ‘literacy' of Rio Prefeitura regarding city-wide low carbon development and a heightened awareness of carbon impacts of municipal activities and investments, particularly for the evaluation of future municipal investments ahead of the mega-events (FIFA World Cup in 2014 and Summer Olympics in Rio in 2016). In the longer term, the LCCDP will lead to advancing city-level carbon finance and the implementation of climate change mitigation interventions in all urban sectors under the program. This will lead to knowledge generation and ample opportunities for South-South knowledge exchange with other mega-cities.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

This project collaborated with Korean partners, such as Gwangju City, UNEP, and KEI, based on the partnership and their commitment to explore urban carbon finance under the Urban Environmental Accords (presented at the 2011 Gwangju Summit). This partnership will be conducted for knowledge exchanges between Rio and another UEA-member city interested in undertaking design of an LCCDP or exploring innovative carbon-linked financial products to implement energy efficiency measures (such as Belo Horizonte, which recently conducted a TRACE assessment). 

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

With more than half of the world living in cities, and with urban populations expected to double in developing countries in a generation, rapid urbanization poses one of the greatest challenges of the century. The program sees also this as an opportunity to implement new approaches, new markets, new technologies, and new values for green economic growth. The program aims to build and strengthen green growth strategic, practical and technical know-how to improve urban land use planning, and contribute to resilient, participatory environmentally and socially inclusive urban growth.

List of Activities

Output 1:

• New modules on green growth developed, including topics on (i) urban expansion and energy efficiency, and (ii) sustainable land based financing 

Output 2:

• Customized course developed and piloted jointly with selected implementing agencies in Africa (including universities or other national or regional knowledge institutions such as ARDHI in Tanzania, Eduardo Mondlaine University in Mozambique, and others) 

Output 3:

• One regional workshop on innovative practices in urban land use planning and management in Africa

Outcomes:

• Contribute to global knowledge by developing and piloting practitioner e-learning training modules on cutting-edge urban land use planning and management techniques
• Facilitate peer-to-peer learning through knowledge exchange workshops and virtual practitioner networks
• Mobilized substantial resources from Open Learning Campus (OLC) and various external partners - KRIHS, WRI, MIT, WMO,NIUA and MT, to jointly develop and deliver the knowledge products

Outputs and Outcomes

Expected outcomes of this project include the development and strengthening of strategic and practical knowledge and skills among policy-makers and practitioners to integrate green growth principles, approaches, and tools into urban planning and management practices. This outcome is further expected to help reorient cities in developing countries towards a more efficient, resilient, sustainable and inclusive development path.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

This project worked with the Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul Housing Corporation and Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements to develop several Korean cases on land readjustment, transit-oriented development, flood management, land markets, and public space, which have been incorporated into the global knowledge products. For example, a blended learning workshop on Sustainable Urban Land Use Planning and Management was conducted in Seoul in collaboration with the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements and OLC, which brought together 40 senior officials from 21 developing countries

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