Transport

Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The objective of this grant is to promote resilient, greener, intelligent and sustainable urban mobility models in LAC cities. Many cities in the developing world are embarking on transit reforms, of which Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are key elements. The impetus is driven by the need to address the negative externalities generated by the often low-regulated traditional bus system congestions, traffic-related accidents, GHG and local pollutant emissions. Many reforms are also driven by the notion that restructuring the supply chain, applying stricter quality control and more efficient regulations will ultimately result in meeting passenger needs in terms of improved accessibility, affordability and safety. This activity will promote a resilient, greener, intelligent, and sustainable urban mobility model in LAC cities by developing a toolkit with three modules: (i) a manual to foster diagnosis of ITS systems; (ii) a manual to ease integral implementation of ITS systems, and (iii) an open source platform to support city-wide reform by integrating privately generated data into public planning and operating processes. This activity will be starting with LAC cities such as Mexico (CDMX), the largest and most populated metropolis in Latin America and the output would be reusable and replicable worldwide. 

An international example of how to assimilate a conventional bus system into a city-wide integrated scheme, learned from comprehensive reform undertaken in Seoul, will serve as an important reference.  

List of Activities

1. Document successful international experiences and client needs 
2. Manual ITS diagnosis
3. Manual for ITS ecosystem improvement 
4. World Bank developed open-source platform to support city-wide reforms 
5. Dissemination

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• International best practice and needs report

Output 2:

• Manual for ITS diagnosis 

Output 3:

• Manual for ITS recommendations on city-wide bus reforms 

Output 4:

• World Bank open-source platform for fleet control developed

Output 5:

• Toolkit, website, and Report 

Outcomes:

1. Improved efficiency:  The outputs of this grant will help improve planning and operation. This allows for efficiency gains on two fronts. First, by making transit systems more attractive to users, it will incite changes in consumer behavior by increasing the number of users that prefer more efficient public transport over unsustainable private modes. In addition, better planning and operation, and proper integration will increase the efficiency in the operation of the transport system. In sum, an integrated, more efficient and attractive public transport is affordable, safe, and effectively reduces congestion, local air pollution and its health impacts, and GHG emissions.     

2. Greater resilience:  Promote increased resilience.  A primary focus will be to make cities, transport systems more resilient against risks arising from past development mistakes and a changing climate. This includes the ability to quickly respond to changing needs, protection against extreme weather events, and even serve as part of a response mechanisms in case of a crisis. 

3. Increased competitiveness: Underpinning the Korean vision of green growth is the notion that a focus on green sustainability need not come at the expense of growth and that greening can also be a source of increased competitiveness. This is particularly true for transport and urban policies where substantial synergies exist between environment, energy efficiency and growth objectives. More efficient planning and operation lead to increased efficiency, transparency, and competitiveness.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea World Bank Group Partnership Facility (KWPF)
• Korea Transport Institute (KOTI)
• Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korea (MOLIT)
• ITS Korea
• Valle de Aburra Metropolitan Area (AMVA) Transport Authority in Medellin, Colombia
• Seoul Transport Authority and The Seoul Development Institute (SDI)
• ORT Mexico (Transport Authority)
• Transport for London (TfL)
• International Association of Public Transport (UITP)
• World Resource Institute (WRI)

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

In Almaty, transport accounts for 65% of local particulate emissions. While only 5.7 % of its population owned a car in 2003, this figure rose to over 23% in 2018. The concentration of PM2.5 exceeds international guidelines by 5.3 times. The intensive use of old vehicles in a city walled in by mountains has resulted in critically poor air quality. In Tashkent, air pollution has reached a critical point with land vehicles estimated to produce roughly two thirds of air pollution. Motorization has increased by c.16% since 2016 and is expected to continue growing as urban population and income increase. Local particulate emissions in Tashkent are consistently above safe levels, averaging 130% of the WHO’s daily exposure limits. Against this backdrop, this project aims to support Almaty and Tashkent municipalities in the implementation of their smart citiy strategies, drawing upon Korea’s expertise and leveraging on the adoption of smart city technologies to improve mobility conditions and reduce localized emissions. This proposal reflects the requests from the municipalities of Almaty and Tashkent to support the implementation of their smart cities strategies and to improve growing congestion and their environmental impacts while responding to immediate COVID related issues.

List of Activities

1. COVID-19 Mobility Response Strategy 
   1. Benchmarking the impact of COVID-19 upon public transit
   2. Developing a Mobility Response Strategy
   3. Operationalization of the Mobility Response Strategy
2. Smart Solutions 
   1. Smart solutions viability analysis
   2. Smart solutions road map
   3. Smart city pilot project
3. Knowledge and Dissemination

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• 1.1. ‘Mobility database’ and focus group case studies 
• 1.2. Mobility Response Strategy
• 1.3. Written Resilience Plan 

Output 2:

• 2.1. Joint paper (section 1) detailing project selection methodology and the completion of training plan
• 2.2. Joint paper (section 2) detailing a smart city project pipeline and presentation deck 
• 2.3. Pilot project designs and presentation deck 

Output 3:

• Press release covering sub-activities 2.1 and 2.3 

Outcomes:  

The expected outcomes of this project include: (i) improved efficiency of public transport through the adoption of smart city technologies to address congestion and environmental concerns; (ii) more resilient public transport as part of the post-COVID resilience plan and increased focus towards greener modes such as public transit and non-motorized transport (NMT); and (iii) increased competitiveness of Almaty and Tashkent for international companies and investors. These outcomes will realize based on the development of local knowledge and expertise on smart city technologies and solutions, leveraging on Korea’s model and know-how. 

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG)
• Seoul Urban Solutions Agency (SUSA), who will add value to the project’s activities through their technical knowledge in the development of urban mobility systems and smart city strategies in Seoul Metropolitan area. 

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The Leaders in Urban Transport Planning (LUTP) is a well-established training program launched in 2012 by the World Bank with a strategic focus on capacity building. It comprises of one month of self-paced learning –using “learning modules”– followed by a weeklong, in-person interactive session that uses case studies, site visits, group exercises and lectures. Particularly with the Coronavirus pandemic and its aftermath, a green recovery via the prioritization of sustainable transport is particularly relevant for the client cities of the WB where motorization is low and the majority, particularly the poor, depend on public transport, biking, and walking. Against this backdrop, this project supports LUTP2.0 to develop knowledge – mainly based on the Korean experience – regarding resilience in urban mobility and Green Growth, recovery strategies, and management of urban transport in the context of pandemics and crisis events. Upon attending the program, participants will be better informed and able to improve project preparation. Furthermore, given this project’s financing for the development of an online version of the course, it will allow remote training for clients who otherwise could not travel to training facilities to attend online training that is engaging and illustrative of international experiences. 

List of Activities

• Resilient Urban Transport System: (a) Create case study on the experience of Seoul and Korea’s transport system during the Covid-19 epidemic and its aftermath; (b) Write a reading module that focuses on the response of leading urban transport systems (Seoul, Singapore, London) to issues caused by climate change events and epidemics. 

• Transformative Transportation Development: (a) Create a case study based on the Korea Smart City agenda to achieve a holistic approach including traffic management measures for the reduction of the greenhouse footprint; (b) Prepare a reading module on Electric Mobility for public transport, alternative vehicle technologies to operationalize Green Growth; (c) Develop reading modules on Mobility as a Service (MaaS) including shared mobility, micro-mobility and Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) strategies. 

• Disseminate Korean case studies: (a) Deliver LUTP2.0 that draws on the Korean experience; (b) Develop a 2-day LUTP for high-level decision-makers (i.e. mayors) and sponsor the travels of foreign participants to attend a session in Seoul; (c) Deliver in Seoul the pilot session of the 2-day LUTP; (d) Sponsor participants from low/middle income countries to attend LUTP Seoul; (e) Develop an online format of the program; (f) Translate the materials into four languages.

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Case study on the experience of Seoul and Korea’s transport system during the Covid-19 and its aftermath, which is relevant for other cities. The case will focus on the changes introduced by the Seoul transport system.
• Reading module that focus on the response of leading urban transport systems (Seoul, Singapore, London) to climate change events and epidemics

Output 2:

• Create a case study based on the Korea Smart City agenda to achieve a holistic approach including traffic management measures for the reduction of the greenhouse footprint.
• Prepare a reading module on Electric Mobility for public transport, alternative vehicle technologies to operationalize Green Growth.
• Develop reading modules on Mobility as a Service (MaaS) including shared mobility, micro-mobility and Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) strategies

Output 3:

• Deliver LUTP2.0 using the materials developed in 1 and 2 that draw on the Korean experience.
• Develop a 2-day LUTP for high-level decision-makers (i.e. mayors)
• Deliver in Seoul the pilot session of the 2-day LUTP.
• Sponsor participants from low and middle income countries to attend LUTP2.0 Seoul.
• Develop an online format of the program. This format will reduce the carbon footprint of LUTP2.0, and costs associated with travel and lodging.
• Translate the materials developed in activities 1 and 2 into four languages

Outcomes:  

This project foresees outcomes in: (i) improved efficiency and safety of urban transport by lowering its greenhouse gas footprint in developing countries; (ii) grater resilience of cities and transport systems against disruptions arising from climate change and epidemics; and (iii) increased competitiveness for a city to be less congested and more livable by showcasing examples of best practices and measures adopted by Seoul and other leading cities in addressing problems of similar nature. 

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Transport Institute (KOTI), which will help draw the full substance of Korean knowledge
• Asian Development Bank (ADB)
• Agence Française de Développement (AFD), which will help target and deliver the developed trainings where needed.   

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The objective of this project is to assist East African cities unlock urban transport reforms and investments that are fundamental for developing resilient and sustainable economic pathways to cope and manage the unprecedented growth they are facing. This would help prepare cities to be on track to pursue more economically competitive and livable models. As largely a business development proposal anchored in a capacity building, technical assistance and innovation pillars cutting across sectors, the expected outcome of this proposal is to unlock several investment programs and transformational policy reforms. In preparing to do so, this proposal departs from the recognition that there are several important developments in the region; and that these lessons when cross disseminated and complemented with the Korean experience can help shape an East Africa specific approach to solving the urban transport conundrum. 

List of Activities

1. Creating a knowledge network:
   1. In depth needs assessment and consultation with four cities, and program design
   2. Series of four workshops (one per quarter), one per city, facilitated by experts in the field, which will include field visit, a challenge to solve collaboratively, and documented lessons
2. Leveraging South Korea’s unique urban mobility experience:
   1. Study Tour for all the group to Korea to kick off the Community of Practice – Exposing decision makers to some of Korean’s most innovative urban planning
3. Leveraging low-cost technology to facilitate transition to modern transport systems:
   1. Collaboratively and based on the research of activity 1.1 and the learnings from 1.2. scope out using design thinking and agile software development a basic platform that supports transportation reform, from minibuses to BRT.        
   2. Platform design/construction            
   3. Pilot Implementation and evaluation in the four cities
4. Publication of East Africa Urban Accessibility Primer (Policy note):
   1. Policy note writing which includes stock taking, original research and lessons learned from collaborative exercise (The East Africa Urban Accessibility Primer - Policy note)
   2. The Dissemination tour will ensure at least two events, one in Washington DC and one in the region, as side events to other transport conferences
5. Tactical Technical assistance to unlock key Bottlenecks:
   1. Selected strategic technical assistance support for international experts to unlock bottlenecks that participant cities are facing in short term based on the recommendations that emanate from activities #1-4 above

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:  

• In-depth needs assessment of training needs vis a vis priorities to be unlocked, and consultation with cities 
• Program design 
• Facilitated Workshops (one per city) - 4 activities/ workshops, 16 participants on average per workshop with representation from four cities, 4 cities participating, and 1 Training Program Developed

Output 2:

• Study Tour in Korea - 8+ participants and 4 Korean institutions involved

Output 3:

• Basic design 
• Minimum viable designed for testing - 1 technology products replicable elsewhere

Output 4:

• Policy Note Published - knowledge products produced (policy note)
• Workshop Minutes circulated to participants - 5 knowledge products produced (brief workshop minutes) 
• Dissemination Events - 2 dissemination events associated to regional/global transport conference

Output 5:

• Just in time/ tactical on-demand assistance to cities to accelerate their urban mobility programs - 4 technical assistance reports (at least one per city)

Outcomes:

1. Improved efficiency: Cities in East Africa are facing (and will continue to face) a mobility crisis, that only gets exacerbated with insufficient action and population growth. Considering this, this proposal is aligned with the KGGTF goals as it seeks to unlock those investments that will enable the improved urban efficiency that these cities need in the next decade 
2. Greater resilience: Along the same lines, the cities under this proposal (Kigali, Dar, Nairobi and Kampala) are all built in flood prone area and are extremely vulnerable to climate change and extreme weather events, which furthers exacerbates the existing mobility crisis. Resilient informed mobility is at the core of this proposal. Leverage Korean experience in this subject is instrumental to unlock investments that are climate-proof and to ensure that the institutions that manage the investments can manage them sustainably. 
3. Increased competitiveness: Urban mobility is fundamental to these mega-cities competitiveness. As we know, state of urban mobility is leading to having these cities be disconnected and unproductive. Urban economic development is intrinsically tight to access to opportunities, for which efficient urban mobility is fundamental.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Sub Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP) and the East Africa transport
• Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korea (MOLIT)
• Korea Transport Institute (KOTI)
• Seoul Metropolitan Government
• The Leaders in Urban Transport Planning (LUTP) program

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

The project aims to (i) improve the efficiency and safety of passenger and freight movement across the Hooghly River and (ii) establish a spatial planning framework to enhance accessibility within Kolkata Metropolitan Area. The project supported by KGGTF will conduct a series of technical studies on green growth that can provide input to the design of the West

Bengal Inland Water Transport, Logistics and Spatial Development Project and to the inland water transport (IWT) sector reform it propagates, complementing the analytical work being done under the Project. The KGGTF activities will provide critical green growth analytics and strategy to the Project’s investments, which will integrate urban planning, economic development, and environmental resilience, support data-driven decision-making, and further knowledge exchange between West Bengal and Korea. IWT has enormous potential to sustainably connect the city, and waterfront restoration can play a critical role in flood defense, protecting the city, and managing flooding risks. Kolkata has an opportunity to become a green growth best practice of how to mitigate flooding while providing riverfront accessibility and low-carbon transport.

List of Activities

1. Integrated Spatial Development Plan (ISDP) 
2. Green Growth Spatial Strategy (GGSS) for the Kolkata Metropolitan Region 
3. Waterfront master plan and investment plan 
4. Design of IWT jetty station area plans 
5. IWT Private Sector Participation Study 
6. Geospatial data platform
7. Capacity enhancement

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1:

• Analytics of IWT existing situation, vision document, IWT growth plan and investment prioritization

Output 2:

• Diagnostic assessment, flood hazard map, risk assessment, growth strategy

Output 3:

• Inventory of waterfront land use and ownership, vision document, conceptual master plan, investment plan 

Output 4:

• Station area plans for new and rehabilitated jetties 

Output 5:

• Study of IWT private sector participation and investment approaches

Output 6:

• Development of a data platform

Output 7:

• Capacity building in IWT, spatial planning and urban mobility 

Outcomes:

1. Improved efficiency:  The proposed grant will improve the efficiency of Kolkata’s urban transport through a comprehensive mix of policy, analytics, and capacity building that will be supported by data-informed decision-making based on real-time inputs and inform the Project’s investments. IWT and its related analytics will provide the city with an opportunity to better manage its annual flooding, deliver a low-carbon transport alternative, shorten connections to the Kolkata Port, and reduce pollution and congestion. The Project’s investments will encourage IWT usage, and the KGGTF grant’s activities will ensure that the station area plans and waterfront master plan highlight accessibility and safeguard against urban flooding, and multi-modal connections are designed as a cohesive network.
2. Greater resilience:  West Bengal is especially vulnerable to extreme weather due to its river network, the presence of a number of lakes, ponds and canals in the Kolkata metropolitan area, and poorly managed and clogged drainage systems. Kolkata and West Bengal have an opportunity to lead India’s development of IWT and become a best practice of how to mitigate flooding while providing riverfront accessibility through sustainable floodplain management. Harnessing the potential of city’s natural assets and developing IWT will provide low-carbon transport alternatives, safeguard the city’s floodplain, expand the existing IWT system, and make traveling by boat safer and more accessible. The grant’s activities, namely the waterfront master plan, GGSS, and the knowledge exchange activities with Korea will directly contribute to this and strengthen the resilience angle to the Project’s investments. 
3. Increased competitiveness:  Livability and a resilient urban environment are key to a city’s competitiveness. By improving the efficiency of passenger and freight transport and increasing the city’s resilience to urban flooding, the proposed activities will directly contribute to the increased competitiveness of the Kolkata metropolitan area by fostering a better urban environment and improving the quality of life and connectivity of its residents. The KGGTF activities will ensure that critical studies are in place for a comprehensive response to today’s congestion, flooding and urban sprawl. The GGSS will leverage wider economic development opportunities around the Project’s transportation improvements. 

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MOLIT)
• Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS)
• National Disaster Management Research Institute within the Ministry of Interior and Safety
• Ministry of Science and ICT
• Seoul Metropolitan Government, Jeju Province
• Busan Port Authority 

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

Operationally efficient and responsive supply chains are key to a nation’s competitiveness. In this regard, India lags behind other developed countries. Inefficient, unreliable, unsophisticated logistics directly impact the competitiveness of agriculture, industry and ultimately the entire country. The challenge ahead for India is twofold: increase the efficiency of the logistics sector to support the ambitious Post-COVID development targets, while bringing about a radical decarbonization of the sector.Fortunately, there is an important alignment between the economy’s need for an efficient, modern logistics sector and the climate imperative. Both require the development of a competitive integrated multi-modal system and the modernization of trucking ecosystem. On this premise, the grant aims to support the transformation and decarbonization of the freight sector in India, focusing on a deep dive engagement of the trucking industry to power a multimodal, efficient, and connected logistics. The grant is linked to the on-going World Bank’s Green national Highways Corridor project.

List of Activities

• Activity 1: Deep dive review India’s logistics ecosystem, operations, & policy (cofounded by Climate Support Facility). 
• Activity 2: Modeling drivers, incentives, the decision-making process of logistics & trucking sector & to calculate decarbonization impact (cofounded by Climate Support Facility). 
• Activity 3: Mapping & piloting policy, infrastructure, certification, & technology solutions for sustainable & efficient freight. 
• Activity 4: Capacity-building & Design a South-South Knowledge Exchange (including KOTI & MOLIT) program to ensure relevant actors can learn from the experience of other countries. Raise awareness of the challenges related to resilient & efficient logistics systems. Outputs include stakeholder engagement & training events, as well related outputs (e.g., notes, presentations).

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1

• Report on logistics ecosystem.

Output 2

• Development & dissemination of a framework & white paper on the operational model of Indian trucking sector for decarbonization

Output 3

• Report on (i)opportunities to increase trucking sector efficiency (ii)opportunities to increase logistics multimodality, & (iii)recommended long term action plan to implement identified strategies

Output 4

• Stakeholder engagement & training events, as well related outputs (e.g., notes, presentations)

Outcomes

• Direct contribution to the on-going World Bank project  (P167350) by providing a set of actionable recommendations to increase road logistic efficiency & reduce emissions. This contributes directly to Project Development Objective indicator (c) Reduced Vehicle Operating Costs on project highways.
• Development of a new sectoral strategy, focused on increasing the efficiency & resilience of India logistics.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Korea Transport Institute (KOTI)
• Ministry of Land, Infrastructure & Transport (MOLIT)
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Center for Transportation & Logistics (CTL)

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

Among the most pressing issues hindering socio-economic development of Bishkek and Nur-Sultan are traffic congestion, air pollution and associated negative consequences. Bishkek’s residents, for example, spend an average of 30% more time commuting than the national average owing to chronic traffic congestion issues. The average rush hour in Nur Sultan extends from 20-30 minutes to 2 hours when children return to school, highlighting the city’s growing need for capacity and public transport as the population and private vehicle registrations continue to swell.  In Bishkek and Nur-Sultan, 75% and 55% of local air pollution is generated by the transport sector, respectively. This frequently results in a toxic smog with cold polluted air trapped below a layer of warm air (inversion) owing to the mountainous terrain around Bishkek. Local particulate emissions are frequently above safe levels in Bishkek and Nur-Sultan. The grant aims to provide support to the identification and implementation of smart and sustainable digital solutions to address transport-related emissions and improve urban mobility in Bishkek and Nu-Sultan. The grant activities complement the Innovative Solutions for Urban Mobility in Central Asia project.  

List of Activities

Component 1: Public Transport Financial Resilience

• Activity 1.1: Develop a sustainable tariff and budgeting system for public transport. 
• Activity 1.2: Develop financial resilience plans. 

Component 2: Green Smart Mobility Solutions

• Activity 2.1: Conduct smart solutions viability analysis. 
• Activity 2.2: Develop smart solutions road map. 
• Activity 2.3: Develop smart city pilot project. 

Component 3: Improving Institutional Coordination

• Activity 3.1: Support the development of cooperative structures with the potential to be institutionalized beyond the life of activity. 

Component 4: Knowledge and Dissemination

• Activity 4.1: Organize knowledge exchange and study tour to Seoul for project participants. 

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1 

• Sustainable Tariff and Budgeting Reports
• Financial resilience plans

Output 2

• 2 technical notes detailing project selection methodology
• 2 road maps detailing smart city project pipelines
• Definition of 2 pilot projects and (ii) 2 presentation decks

Output 3

• Slide deck mapping the institutional coordination mechanisms to be piloted under the activity

Output 4

• Press release and presentation of outputs at international smart city events

Outcomes

• Improved sustainability and resilience of public transport systems in BK and NS.
• Governments of BK and NS ready to prepare designs for identified smart city projects (designed to support improved efficiency and competitiveness) for future implementation.
• Improved institutional coordination between the local government bodies.
• Enhanced awareness of the activity and Korea's contribution to activity outcomes within the World Bank, and among local governments / stakeholders in BK and NS. Enhanced capacity for future smart city projects in BK and NS

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG)
• Seoul Urban Solutions Agency (SUSA)
• IFC

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Basic Information

Grant Activities

Project summary

As part of the efforts to support the development of integrated and sustainable transport systems in the Southern Caucasus region, this grant aims to assist Tbilisi City Hall (TCH) with the definition of sustainable urban mobility initiatives that will support clean air and urban connectivity. It will also explore multimodal integration with commuter rail services, smart mobility for operations and traffic management optimization, and transit-oriented development around transport nodes with an important focus on people centered public space and active mobility. This is aligned with Georgia’s 2030 Climate Strategy and Action Plan and resonates with the NDC goal to mitigate the GHG emissions from the transport sector by 15% in the country.

List of Activities

• Activity 1: Assist the TCH to assess and evaluate alternatives to improve east-west connectivity across the existing rail line that transverses the city while enhancing multimodal integration and removing bottlenecks for the urban transport network system. 
• Activity 2: Provide technical assistance to support the development of supplementary activities within the strategic priorities of the new Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan for the city of Tbisili. 
• Activity 3: Promote knowledge -sharing activities and communication materials (e.g. blogs, technical papers or presentations) as part of the dissemination and visibility strategy. This can also include complementary capacity building, such as a potential study tour to promote Korean’s smart technologies and know-how on topics and practices that are relevant to support green growth in Tbilisi. 

Outputs and Outcomes

Output 1

• Alternative Analysis Study and Concept for Dadiani Bridge Multimodal Integration

Output 2

• Technical Assistance Reports

Output 3

• 1 dissemination event or study tour
• 1 capacity building for TCH

Outcomes:

Tbilisi City is provided with study evidence to initiate the due diligence to support a strategic decision on the best alternative for a multimodal crossing over the North-South railway line crossing the city. The study will also inform TCH and CMU on options for possible World Bank financing and, if agreeable with TCH, a roadmap identifying additional activities necessary for World Bank project preparation.

Collaboration with K-Partners and Others

• Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG)
• Seoul Urban Solutions Agency (SUSA)

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